Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume XXIV, Africa
Index
- Abbott Company, 480
- Abboud, Gen., 283, 497
- Abdellah, Slaheddine, 257
- Abdirascid, Ali Scermarke, 399, 581, 582, 583, 587-588
- Abdirazak, Hagi Hussein, 488n, 523, 530n, 538, 551-553
- Abebe, Gen. Abye, 534
- Abell, Bess, 148
- Aberkhan, Mohammed, 64
- Abidia, Fathi, 69-70, 142
- Abram, Morris, 1102, 1103
- Acheson, Dean, 900
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs:
- Adams, Gen. Paul, 512n
- Adan, Ahmed Mohamed, 529-530, 551, 556, 557
- Aden Abdullah, Osman, 488n, 497-498, 557
- Adoula, Cyrille, 292, 406, 446, 719, 730, 733, 735
- African American Labor Center, 385
- African Development Bank (ADB), 312, 338-339, 367, 375, 376-377, 381, 390
- African National Congress, 992
- African Refugee Conference, 775
- Afro-Asian Conference of 1965, 39, 41, 44, 49
- Agency for International Development (AID):
- Agriculture Department, U.S., 846
- Aherne, Richard W., 9n, 544n
- Akers, Robert W., 704
- Aklilu, Abte-Wold Tsahafi, 521, 528-529, 530n, 544, 549n, 601n, 604, 605-606
- Alba, Col., 254n, 589n
- Alexander, Clifford L., Jr., 296n
- Alexander, Edward J., 958n
- Algeria (see also
North Africa), 2, 9, 286
- Anti-American agitation, 18-20, 50
- Ben Bella’s approach to governance, 24-25
- Ben Bella’s proposed U.S. visit, 30-31
- Coup attempt of 1967, 61-62
- Coup of 1965, 35, 41-43, 46
- Denuclearization issue, 28
- Economic situation, 5, 26, 35
- Four Areas Project, 18, 40
- France, relations with, 21-22, 35-36, 238-239
- Harriman’s visit, 54-56
- Ho Chi Minh letter, 54
- Intelligence reports on, 35-36, 41-42, 62-63
- Internal security problems, 62-63
- Investment Guaranty Agreement, 52
- Johnson’s meeting with Guellal, 45-48
- Komer’s meetings with Guellal, 16-18, 30-32, 52-53
- Leadership role in Arab world, 13
- Military situation, 3, 35
- Morocco, military threat to, 17-18, 32, 149-151, 154n, 158, 161, 163, 170-171, 188, 189, 196-197, 203-205, 207-210
- Non-alignment policy, 27, 55
- Oil issues, 8, 17
- Opposition elements, alleged U.S. support for, 27, 28, 29-30, 67-68
- Political situation, 12-13, 35
- Revolutionary movements, support for, 36
- Rusk’s meeting with Guellal, 26-28
- Six-Day War and, 61
- Soviet Union, relations with, 2, 3, 11, 21, 24, 26, 36, 41-42, 50, 62
- U.S.-Algeria relations, 16-18, 26-28, 31-32, 47-48, 64-67
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 11, 28, 32-34, 36-40 49, 51-52, 53-54, 55-60, 66
- U.S. military assistance, 18
- U.S. policy toward, 4, 11
- U.S. recognition of Boumediene government, 43-44
- War for independence, 8
- Ali, Col. Abdillahi Farah, 596
- Allen, Sir Roger, 895n
- Allen, William G., 201n
- Alter, David E., 504n
- Amamou, Mohamed, 269
- Ammar, Hamed, 269, 273
- Anderson, Amb., 358, 825
- Anderson, Burnett, 308n
- Anderson, George W., Jr., 720n, 731, 736, 739-740, 749-750, 758n, 759n, 760
- Andreas, Dwayne, 384
- Andrew, Robert F., 451n
- Angola. See Portuguese Africa.
- Ankrah, Lt. Gen. Joseph A., 412
- Ghana:
- U.S. recognition of government, 456-457
- Cocoa prices, 476-477, 480
- Coup of 1966, 443, 454, 458-460
- Foreign investment policy, 480-481
- Humphrey’s visit, 392-393, 479-481
- Soviet military equipment provided to U.S., 463, 477
- U.S. development assistance, 456-457, 460, 476
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 478, 479
- U.S. military assistance, 472, 476
- Johnson’s correspondence with, 458-464, 472-473
- Johnson’s meeting with, 467, 473, 475-477
- Katzenbach’s meetings with, 466-467, 478-479
- Nigerian civil war, 477, 663
- Nigerian political crisis, 633-634, 637, 640, 650, 656
- Vietnam war, 476, 481
- Ghana:
- Anthis, Gen., 279n
- Apedo-Amah, 358
- Appling, Hugh G., 722n, 751n
- Arab League, 230-231, 273
- Arms control, 355-357
- Armstrong, Willis C., 417
- Arnold, Terrell, 812n
- Arthur, Geoffrey, 115, 116, 117, 118
- Atkinson, Col., 589n
- Australia, 889
- Awolowo, Chief, 654, 655
- Azhari, Yusuf O., 596
- Azikiwe, Nnamde, 611, 612, 613n
- Azores, 691, 693-694, 734, 750
- Baako, Kofi, 450
- Babu (Nigeria), 276, 611
- Badeau, John S., 82
- Bader (DOD), 124n, 132n, 201n, 574n, 694n
- Al-Badri, Abd-al-Qadir, 14-15
- Bakkush, Abd al-Hamid, 145-146, 147-148
- Balafrej, Haj Ahmed, 196
- Baldwin, Marion A., 282, 433n
- Balewa, Sir Abubakar Tafawa, 610-611, 612, 613n, 614, 615, 886
- Ball, George W., 43n, 113, 518n, 717n, 762n, 828n, 831n, 834n,
849, 861n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, 349-351
- Algeria, 20
- Ethiopia, 499-500, 516-517, 539
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 518-519
- Ghana, 451-452
- Horn of Africa, proposed U.S.-Soviet arms freeze, 542-543
- Libya, 70n
- Morocco, 161, 162, 169-170, 179-180, 181-182
- Nigerian civil war, 687
- Portuguese Africa, 724-728, 736, 748, 763, 764
- Rhodesian Government, international campaign against:
- Economic sanctions, 809-810, 912-913
- Johnson’s correspondence with Wilson, 891
- Johnson’s meetings with Wilson, 872, 873
- Military options, 843
- Oil embargo, 860-861, 864, 872
- U.K. tobacco problem, 812-813
- U.S. contingency planning, 797, 823
- U.S. program of sanctions, 841-842
- Zambia, U.S.-U.K. assistance for, 863, 864-865
- Zambia-Rhodesia economic warfare, 843
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue:
- Somalia, 497-498, 538—539
- South Africa, 1040, 1051
- South West Africa, 1052-1053, 1055, 1056-1057, 1059-1060
- Banda, Hastings K., 697-698rber, Arthur, 315-316
- Barbour, Robert, 163n, 169n, 175n, 180n, 717n
- Barnard, Robert J., 626n, 627, 628n, 637-640, 643
- Baron, Albert R., 264n
- Barr, Joe, 376-377
- Basutoland, 329-330
- Bator, Francis, 871, 874, 917, 1040n
- Battle, Lucius D., 263n, 597n
- Beadle, Sir Hugh, 896, 903
- Bechuanaland. See Botswana.
- Beigel, Edgar J., 149n, 181n, 762n
- Belgium, 362, 610
- Belk, Samuel E., 282n, 612
- Bell, David E., 34, 38, 74n, 163n, 229, 241, 250, 253, 308n, 437
- Belman, Murray J., 861n, 1081, 1097n
- Ben Barka, Ahmed, 52, 179-182, 210
- Ben Bella, Ahmed, 16-17, 20n, 21, 36-37, 222
- Ben Salah, Ahmed, 230, 269
- Bengelloun, Ali, 154, 158-159, 161, 166, 170n, 176-177
- Benhima, Ahmed Taibi, 163, 166-168, 173, 176
- Benhima, Mohammed, 211, 214-215
- Bennett, Oliver, 796
- Bennett, W. Tapley, 781n, 785n
- Bentley, Amb., 820, 839
- Bergus, Donald C., 123n
- Berman, Edgar, 384
- Beyer, Gordon R., 585n, 586n
- Biafra. See Nigerian civil war.
- Bishti, Ahmad, 128-129, 130-131, 132, 134n, 139, 142-143
- Black, Robert B., 232n
- Blake, James J., 26n, 29n, 43n, 90n, 92n, 93n, 154n, 162n, 168n, 169n, 232n, 234n, 236, 487n, 488n, 490n, 507n, 515n, 520n, 523, 525, 530n, 531n, 722n
- Blake, Robert O., 232, 771-773
- Bligh, Sir Timothy, 417
- Bogosian, Richard W., 1107n
- Bohlen, Charles E., 180, 708, 709
- Bolton, Oliver P., 414
- Bomboko, Justin, 773
- Botha, J.S.F., 1077
- Botsio, Kojo, 446, 450
- Botswana (Bechuanaland), 692-693, 701-702
- Bottomley, 788, 802, 803-804
- Bouabid (Morocco), 176
- Boudreau, William J., 775n
- Boumediene, Col. Houari, 2, 17
- Bourguiba, Habib, 1, 137, 223n
- Algerian coup of 1965, 425, 42
- Johnson’s correspondence with, 259-260, 263-264
- Johnson’s meetings with, 265-271
- Tunisia:
- Arab League agenda, rejection of, 230-231
- Humphrey’s visit, 402-403
- Israel, policy toward, 266
- Military situation, 14
- Nasser’s military threat, 234n
- Political situation, 14
- Turkey as source of military equipment, 270
- U.S. military assistance, 248, 253
- U.S. security guarantee, proposed, 254-255, 257n, 266
- Vietnam war, policy re, 267
- U.S. visit, 242 43, 244, 257-260, 265-271
- Bourguiba, Habib, Jr., 269
- Algerian coup of 1965, 43
- Johnson’s meetings with, 227-229
- Komer’s meetings with, 220-223
- North African regional defensive arrangement, proposed, 237
- Rusk’s meetings with, 236-241, 260-263
- Tunisia:
- African nations, relations with, 222
- Civic action program, 240
- France, relations with, 221
- Libya, relations with, 222-223
- Morocco, relations with, 221
- Nasser’s military threat, 238
- Six-Day War and, 260-263
- U.S. development assistance, 220-221, 227-229, 243n
- U.S. military assistance, 229, 231, 232, 233n, 235-241, 251, 261
- Bouteflika, Abdelaziz, 41, 43-44, 54-55, 63n, 64, 65
- Bowie, John M., 785n
- Brezhnev, Leonid I., 197
- Britain. See United Kingdom.
- British Aircraft Corporation (BAC), 574n
- Bronez (DOD), 71n, 74n, 84n, 87n, 90n, 92n, 93n, 97n, 100n, 132n, 157
- Bronfman, Edgar, Jr., 384, 387
- Brown, Elizabeth Ann, 693n, 762n, 763n, 767n, 846n, 943n, 952n, 1044n, 1076n, 1079n, 1102n, 1107n
- Brown, George, 850, 915, 917-918, 920-921, 942-943, 1080
- Brown, Irving, 384
- Brown, L. Dean, 156n, 170n, 615, 759n, 774
- Brown, Theodore, 295n
- Brubeck, William H., 80, 274, 411, 424, 432n, 440n, 486, 488n, 497n, 499n, 984n, 974-975, 986-987, 998-1004
- Bruce, David K. E., 113, 115-118, 276, 417, 871, 874, 877, 908
- Bruce, Robert L., 958n
- Buche, John A., 546
- Buffum, William B., 834n, 993n, 1022n, 1056n
- Bull, Kinloch, Jr., 738
- Bundy, McGeorge, 16n, 25n, 71n, 101n, 151n, 167n, 203n, 220n,
421, 454n, 729n, 825n, 827n, 828n, 831n,
874n, 892n, 1032n, 1041n, 1045n
- Algeria, 34, 36-37, 42, 45, 51
- Botswana, 692
- Ghana, 411, 418, 447
- Libya, 80, 135-136
- Morocco, 153, 155n, 159n
- Nigeria, 612, 613
- Portuguese Africa, 721, 734, 735, 739
- Regional policy regarding sub-Saharan Africa:
- Internal security assistance, 279-280
- Johnson’s interest in African affairs, 304, 306n
- Nuclear free zone issue, 281
- Strengthened African Program, 300
- U.S. Negro leadership’s interest in, 294, 295, 296
- Rhodesia, U.S. arms embargo against, 795
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 858, 865, 866, 885, 893n
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue:
- South Africa, 1040
- South West Africa, 974
- Tunisia, 227
- Wheelus Air Base:
- Burati, Valery, 154n, 181n
- Burdett, William C., 717n
- Burrows, Sir Bernard, 113
- Burundi, 329
- Busia, Kofi, 470
- Butler, R. A., 417n, 418
- Buuri (Libya), 107
- Byrne, Horace F., 1031n
- Byrne, Patricia M., 759n, 762n, 1044n
- Caccia, Sir Harold, 417, 788
- Caetano, Marcello, 787
- Calhoun, Chad, 422, 423, 424
- Califano, Joseph, 879
- Campbell, Francis R., 9n, 114n, 120n, 121n, 122n, 125n, 132n
- Campbell, Hugh, 530n
- Campbell, W. B., 1019n, 1022n, 1059n, 1106n, 1107n
- Canada, 362, 750, 889
- Caradon, Lord, 762n, 922, 947
- Carlson, Frank, 1048
- Carlson, Joel, 1093
- Carolan, Thomas J., 952n
- Carter, Chester C., 904
- Cashin, Richard M., 441n
- Castro, Fidel, 474
- Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 1n, 46, 297n
- Algeria, 27, 28, 29-30, 35n, 41-42, 5
- Angola, 721
- Covert operations in Africa, 290-293, 365-366, 721
- Ethiopia, 537, 598n
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 509n
- Ghana, 411n, 422-423, 424, 426, 429-430, 432-433, 434, 467-471
- Libya, 82, 108n
- Morocco, 179-180
- Nigeria, 613n, 622, 682
- Portuguese Africa, 740n, 742n, 770-771
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 826n, 876, 930n, 938, 954
- South Africa, 988n, 1061, 1077n
- South West Africa, 1050n, 1065n
- Chabaani, Col., 27n
- Chalfin, Seymour, 790, 883n
- Chapin, Frederic M., 100n, 963
- Chase, Gordon, 1040-1041
- Chase, Robert W., 161, 166, 168n, 169n, 175n, 177n, 180n, 181n, 230n
- Cherkaoui, Mohammed, 196
- Cheslaw, Irving, 1097n
- China, People’s Republic of, 21, 32, 36, 154n, 446
- Chou En-lai, 21, 48, 274, 430, 717, 799
- Christian, George, 660
- Christmas, Stephen, 492n, 511n
- Civil rights developments in U.S., African reaction to, 283-284
- Clark, G. Edward, 616, 1068n, 1069n, 1073n, 1076n, 1083n, 1086, 1093n, 1097n, 1099n, 1101n, 1102n, 1106n, 1107n
- Clark, James, 247n
- Cleveland, J. n, 717n, 971n, 993-994
- Clifford, Clark, 1110
- Cobb, Rear Adm. J. O., 578-579, 1072
- Cocoa prices, 347, 375, 450, 476-477, 480
- Cohen, Herman J., 775n
- Colby, William, 779
- Commerce Department, U.S., 310
- Common Market, 226, 346
- Congo, People’s Republic of the, 329, 331, 773
- Congo, Republic of the, 32, 34n, 157, 285, 306, 328, 368-369, 444-445, 472, 474, 610
- Congress, U.S., 69, 143, 157, 248, 258, 374, 378, 589-590
- Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), 1020-1021
- Conway, Gen. Theodore J., 472
- Cook, Mercer, 328
- Cooper, Richard N., 124n, 1040n
- Coote, Wendell B., 275n, 484n, 501n, 504n, 722n, 807n
- Coward, Capt. Asbury, 693n, 1021n, 1068n, 1069n, 1081, 1083n
- Crump, Frank, 1089
- Cruz, Viriato da, 730, 746
- Cuba, 16, 153, 193, 200-201, 210, 474, 699
- Curtis, Joanne, 752n
- Czechoslovakia, 668
- Daddah, Moktar Ould, 446
- Dane, Ernest B., 781n
- Daud, Gen., 518
- Davies, Rodger P., 125n, 325n
- Davis, Rear Adm. J. W., 78-80, 513-514
- Davis, John, 295n
- De Gaulle, Charles, 52, 53, 209, 219-220, 221, 544
- Dean, David, 18n
- Dean, Jonathan, 765n, 846n, 912n
- Dean, Sir Patrick, 113, 860, 872, 873, 874, 890, 917, 922-923, 925-948
- Debrah, Amb., 406
- Delaney, Peter H., 1019n, 1081
- DeMartino, John J., 813n
- Democratic Movement of Algerian Renovation (MDRA), 67
- Denney, George C., Jr., 615n
- Denuclearization issue. See Nuclear free zone issue.
- DeSeabra, Jose, 270
- Deus Rodrigues Tomas, Americo de, 787
- Dickman, Francois M., 722n
- Dillery, C. Edward, 966n, 971n, 995n
- Dinke, Amb., 526-527, 531-532
- Diori, Hamani, 663
- Dirksen, Everett M., 437, 941
- Disarmament. See Arms control.
- Disoway, Gen., 100n
- Diukarev (USSR), 542n
- Djibouti, 544, 565-566
- Dobson (Canada), 436, 439
- Dodd, Thomas J., 433
- Doki, Charles, 780
- Dorros, Leon G., 413n, 433n, 441n, 722n
- Douglas, A. Hugh, 1069n
- Douglas-Home, Sir Alec, 276-277, 417, 418, 610
- Doyle, Gen., 705
- Dozier, William B., 575n
- Dregne, Col., 88, 232n, 538n
- Dreyfuss, John T., 1107n
- Driss, Rachid, 220, 224-225, 228, 236, 240, 243-244, 248-249, 257-259, 269, 273
- Dualeh, Ahmed Yusuf, 551
- Duggan, William R., 995n
- Duke, Angier Biddle, 268, 270
- Dumont, Amb., 300
- Dungan, Ralph, 16n, 421, 982
- Dunn, A. Gardner, 963, 1026, 1027
- Economic Commission for Africa, 285-286
- Economic Community of East Africa, 401, 597-598
- Edwards, Robert H., 717n, 754n
- Egal, Mohammed Ibrahim, 399, 581-584, 586n, 587-588, 590, 591-598, 603, 604, 605, 606
- Ekern, Halvor O., 365-366, 615, 770n, 912
- Enahoro, Chief Edward, 652, 662, 669
- Enders, Thomas O., 1106n
- Eritrea, 573, 575, 576, 598-599
- Ethiopia (see also
Ethiopia-Somalia dispute; Horn of
Africa), 157, 286,
970n
- China, relations with, 274, 527, 528-529
- Dinke’s defection to U.S., 531-532
- Economic situation, 524
- Eritrean insurgency, 573, 575, 576, 598-599
- France, relations with, 545-546
- Harriman’s meeting with Haile Selassie, 527-529
- Humphrey’s visit, 397-398
- Intelligence report on, 598-599
- Johnson’s correspondence with Haile Selassie, 486, 488-489, 499-500, 549-550
- Johnson’s meetings with Haile Selassie, 556-557, 558, 560-566, 568
- Johnson’s proposed meeting with Haile Selassie in 1966, 544n, 546-550
- Kagnew Station military base, 505, 506, 510, 554-556, 561, 573, 576-579, 599, 606-609
- Kenya, relations with, 488
- McNamara’s meeting with Haile Selassie, 559, 566-567
- Palmer’s meeting with Yifru, 546-547
- Policing functions in Africa, 515-516
- Political reforms, U.S. encouragement of, 533-536
- Political situation, 537, 572
- “Shake down” policy re U.S. assistance, 526-527
- Soviet-Somali relations, concerns re, 603-604
- U.K. military sales, 574, 580
- U.S. military assistance, 486, 489n, 511-512, 515-517, 524-526, 538-539
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute:
- Bilateral resolution efforts of 1965, 530-531
- Border clashes, 487, 490-495, 502-504, 507-508, 523
- DZtente initiative, 582-588, 591-592, 594, 597, 600-601, 603, 604-606
- Intelligence report on, 509-510
- Joint Somali-Ethiopian Border Commission, 504n
- Mutual mistrust, 518-519
- Preventive action, Ethiopia’s consideration of, 519
- Propaganda problem, 518-519
- Soviet intervention, 500-501
- U.S. bilateral relations and, 496-500
- U.S. mediating role, proposed, 501-502
- U.S. position re disputed territories, 530
- U.S.-supplied military equipment, Ethiopia’s alleged use of, 500n, 507-508
- Eurafrican preferential system, 346-347, 349
- Eurich, Alvin, 109
- European Economic Community (EEC), 226, 346
- Evans, Allan, 615n
- Export-Import Bank, 415, 422
- Fain, Thomas A., 943n, 952n
- Falk, Richard, 1093
- Fanfani, Amintore, 64
- Farah, Abdulrahim Abby, 596
- Farah, Abdurahman Abby, 551, 596
- Farley, Philip J., 785n, 1097n
- Fekini, Mohieddine, 69
- Feld, NichoNicholas, 585n, 600n, 786
- Ferguson, John H., 149, 151n, 153n, 155, 601
- Field, Winston, 932
- Fisher, Adrian S., 1040
- Fluckey, Rear Adm. Eugene B., 1078n
- Follestad, Robert T., 18n
- Forrestal, Michael, 279n
- Foster, John, 61-62
- Fourie, Bernardus Gerhardus, 1105n
- Fowler, Henry H., 241, 272, 377, 465, 841-842, 942, 1053
- France:
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, attitude toward, 362
- Algeria, relations with, 21-22, 35-36, 36, 238-239
- Algerian-Moroccan tensions and, 209-210
- Ethiopia, relations with, 545-546
- Eurafrican preferential system, 346-347, 349
- Ghana coup of 1966, 447
- Horn of Africa, 544, 572
- Morocco, relations with, 163, 180-182
- Nigeria, relations with, 610
- Nigerian civil war, 685
- North Africa, 2, 3, 237
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 843
- South Africa’s apartheid policy, 994
- Southern Africa region, policy re, 708-709
- Tunisia, relations with, 219-220, 221, 225, 244
- Franco, Generalissimo Francisco, 5
- Fredericks, J. Wayne, 74n, 170n, 177, 320-322, 357n, 466, 542n, 663, 664, 742, 745n, 751n, 754n, 759n, 792n, 797, 804, 805, 807n, 813n, 819n, 824, 827, 831n, 926, 995n, 1022n, 1081
- Freeman, Orville, 482
- French Somaliland, 544, 548, 560, 572
- Frutkin, Arnold W., 1045
- Funseth, Robert L., 754n, 759n, 765n, 767n, 769n, 780n
- Gabon, 286
- Galanto, Fred J., 64, 484n, 487n, 491n, 494n, 502n, 516n, 518n, 520n, 521n, 530n, 531n, 851n
- Gallin-Douathe, Amb., 406
- Gardiner, Robert, 397-398
- Gargoni, Khalid al, 139
- Garin, Vasco Vieira, 763, 769, 904-905
- Garner, Sir Saville, 660, 803-805, 808n, 810n, 925-927, 928
- Gaud, William S., 192, 223, 247, 271, 279n, 351, 362, 376-377, 465, 482
- Gebelt, S. G., 785n, 847-848
- Germany, Federal Republic of (FRG), 167, 176, 362, 560, 750
- Ghana, 328, 330
- Aluminum plant project, 422-423, 424, 438, 440
- Ankrah government, U.S. recognition of, 456-457
- Anti-American campaign, 411, 412, 414, 420, 424n, 428-429, 444-446, 451-452
- China, relations with, 459
- CIA covert operations, alleged, 411n, 422-423, 424, 426, 429-430, 432-433, 434
- Civilian government, restoration of, 474-475, 476
- Cocoa prices, 375, 450, 476-477, 480
- Corruption problem, 429
- Coup of 1966, 443, 447, 453-456, 457-460
- Economic situation, 439, 450, 460, 464, 467-471, 472
- Foreign investment policy, 426-427, 438-439, 480-481
- Harriman’s meeting with Nkrumah, 432, 434, 435-436
- Humphrey’s visit, 392-393, 479-481
- Intelligence reports on, 467-471
- Johnson’s correspondence with Ankrah, 458-464, 472-473
- Johnson’s correspondence with Nkrumah, 425-428, 433-434, 448-449
- Johnson’s meeting with Ankrah, 467, 473, 475-477
- Johnson’s meeting with Quaison-Sackey, 447-449
- Johnson’s meeting with Ribeiro, 432-433
- Kaiser’s meeting with Nkrumah, 424-425
- Katzenbach’s meetings with Ankrah, 466-467, 478-479
- Katzenbach’s meeting with Harlley, 473-475
- Mahoney’s meetings with Nkrumah, 428-431, 444-446
- Military situation, 470
- Nigerian political crisis, 616, 639, 644, 650, 656
- NIH research facility, 415-416
- Nkrumah government, 413-414, 438, 459
- Nkrumah’s Hanoi visit, 448-449
- Non-alignment policy, 426
- Police force, 474
- Political situation under military-police junta, 467-471
- Socialist policies, 426-427, 430, 435-436
- Soviet military equipment provided to U.S., 463, 477
- Soviet Union, relations with, 429, 430, 459
- U.S. Action Program, 413-416, 419-421, 441-442
- U.S. development assistance (see also Volta River project below), 443, 456-457, 460, 464, 465-466, 476
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 452, 457-458, 462, 478, 479, 481, 482-483
- U.S. military assistance, 472, 476
- U.S. psychological warfare program, 416
- Volta River project, 411, 415, 417-420, 421, 423, 424-425, 435, 436, 437, 438-440, 443-444
- Williams’s meeting with Nkrumah, 450-451
- Gibbs, Sir Humphrey, 804-805
- Gilpatric, Roswell, 748-749, 849
- Glenn, Edmund S., 196, 268
- Gleysteen, William H., 769n, 959n, 1073n, 1081, 1083n, 1093n, 1097n, 1106n
- Gloster, John G., 580n, 585n, 589n
- Godley, G. McMurtrie, 292, 735
- Godson, Joseph, 1107n
- Gold, Ruth S., 943n
- Goldberg, Arthur J., 313, 358, 693, 807, 831n
- Goldstein, Mortimer D., 846n, 851n, 861n, 917, 922, 943n, 952n
- Goldwater, Barry, 283-284
- Gonsalves, 778
- Good, Robert C., 765n, 844n, 957, 1088-1089
- Goodman, Seymour S., 785n, 1097n
- Gordon Walker, Patrick, 788-789
- Gore-Booth, Sir Paul, 823
- Gowan, Maj. Gen. Yakubu, 618n
- Graham, Lord, 796
- Green, Marshall, 717n
- Green Denis A., 917, 918
- Greenwood, Hal, 384
- Grey, R. T., 273
- Grimes, Rudolph, 359
- Gromyko, Andrei, 553
- Gross, Ernest, 1033
- Guedira, Ahmed Reda, 152, 153n
- Guellal, Cherif, 20n
- Algeria:
- Ben Bella’s proposed U.S. visit, 30-31
- Coup of 1965, 46
- Morocco, military threat to, 17-18, 32
- Non-alignment policy, 27
- Oil issues, 17
- Opposition elements, alleged U.S. support for, 27, 28, 29n
- U.S.-Algerian relations, 16-18, 26-28, 31-32, 47-48, 61
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 28, 52, 60
- U.S. military assistance, 18
- Johnson’s meeting with, 45-48
- Komer’s meetings with, 16-18, 30-32, 52-53
- Morocco’s Ben Barka case, 52
- Rusk’s meeting with, 26-28
- Algeria:
- Guimali, Antoine, 358
- Guinea, 286, 329, 330, 474
- Gullion, Edmund A., 292
- Gumane, Paul, 753
- Gustafson, Charles H., 455n, 1083n
- Guthrie, John C., 500n
- Gwambe, H., 753
- Hadow, Reginald M., 788
- Hadsel, Fred L., 320n, 325n, 484n, 780n, 846n, 958n, 959n
- Haile Minassie, 564
- Haile Selassie I, Emperor of Ethiopia, 150, 274, 599
- Ethiopia:
- Dinke’s defection to U.S., 532
- Humphrey’s visit, 397-398
- Kagnew Station military base, 510
- Political reforms, U.S. encouragement of, 533, 534-535
- Political situation, 537
- Soviet-Somali relations, concerns re, 603-604
- U.S. military assistance, 486, 512n, 521, 564-568, 571n
- U.S.-Soviet relations, concerns re, 602
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 493, 500n, 591, 603, 605
- Harriman’s meeting with, 527-529
- Johnson’s correspondence with, 486, 488-489, 499-500, 549-550
- Johnson’s meetings with, 558, 560-566, 568
- Johnson’s proposed meeting in 1966, 544n, 546-550
- McNamara’s meeting with, 559, 566-567
- Nigerian civil war, 683, 690
- Nigerian political crisis, 650-651, 652n
- Ethiopia:
- Hall, Michael, 908
- Hall, Pierson M., 693n, 963, 992n, 1039
- Hall, William, 589n, 600n, 601n, 602-604
- Hamilton, Edward K., 472n, 478n, 542n, 566-567, 590n, 596, 665n, 686n
- Hand, Lloyd N., 871, 873
- Hardy, Alan M., 676n
- Harlech, Lord, 788
- Harlley (Ghana), 443, 454, 473-475
- Harriman, W. Averell, 4, 29n, 71n, 84n, 87n, 90n, 93n, 101n, 160n, 163n, 220n, 274, 279n,
282n, 412, 425n, 428n, 488n, 497n, 499n,
516n, 535n, 549n, 717n, 730, 736n, 797n,
931
- Algeria, 20, 32, 34, 54-56, 57, 60, 66
- Economic and political progress in newly indent nations, 285-286
- Ethiopia, 520, 527-529
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 496
- Ghana:
- Libya, 72, 108
- Morocco, 52, 167-168, 173, 187-188
- Nigeria, 610-611
- Portuguese Africa, 742
- South Africa, 963-965, 1006
- Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 799
- Tunisia, 253
- Wheelus Air Base, 80-81, 88, 89n
- Hart, Parker T., 137
- Hartman, Arthur A., 264n, 699n, 704n, 1109-1110
- Hasan, Crown Prince of Libya, 108
- Haselton, Norris, 29n
- Hassan II, King of Morocco, 1, 3
- Algerian coup of 1965, 42
- Bourguiba Jr.’s assessment of, 221
- Johnson’s correspondence with, 155, 156, 184-187
- Johnson’s meeting with, 183-184, 193-200
- Morocco:
- Algerian military threat, 188, 189, 196-197
- Ben Barka kidnapping case, 181
- Economic development and private investment, 178-179, 182
- Harriman’s visit, 187-188
- Military situation, 14
- Mutual defense arrangement with U.S., proposed, 211
- Political situation, 13, 176
- Soviet Union, relations with, 149n, 187, 189-190
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 184-185
- U.S. military assistance, 201n, 215
- U.S. withdrawal from military bases, 152
- Hatch, Col., 966n
- Hauschner, Ludwig, 743n
- Havercamp, Roy T., 780n, 786n
- Haynes, Ulric, Jr., 458n, 535n, 813n, 883n,
984n
- Botswana, 692-693
- Nigerian political crisis, 617
- Regional policy regarding sub-Saharan Africa:
- Rhodesia, U.S. arms embargo against, 799-800
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 858-859, 865-867, 882, 884, 885-886, 895-896, 901-902
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 794-795, 801-802, 827, 836-837
- South Africa, 1028-1032
- Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 800-801
- Hazam, Col., 201n
- Heffner, Col. Charles C., 69n, 92n, 149n, 488n, 504n, 516, 520n, 525, 589n
- Height, Dorothy, 296
- Helms, Richard M., 53, 80, 330n, 453-454, 598n, 682n, 779, 1050n, 1053, 1065n
- Henderson, John N., 788
- Hennes, Richard V., 966n, 993n
- Herr, Donald F., 1099n
- Heuser, Henry, 109
- Heymann, Philip B., 1093n
- Heyniger, Lambert, 759n, 765n, 769n
- High, George B., 743n, 754n
- Hilliker, Grant, 992
- Hinman, Carroll S., 74n, 90n, 149n, 168n
- Hirschtritt, Ralph, 711
- Hobson, Jesse, 109
- Ho Chi Minh, 54, 267, 727
- Holloway, Jerome K., 736n
- Holmes, Edward W., 780n, 785n, 786n, 925, 952n, 958n, 959n, 1107n
- Hood, Lord, 917
- Hooper, Henry J. C., 897n
- Hooper, Peter, Jr., 966n, 992, 995n, 1019n, 1021n, 1022n, 1067n
- Hoopes, Townsend W., 143, 203n
- Horan, Hume A., 67n
- Hornig, Donald F., 144-145, 146
- Horn of Africa (see also Ethiopia; Ethiopia-Somalia dispute; Somalia), 405
- Houphouet-Boigny, Felix, 389-391, 683, 723-724
- Hourani, Cecil, 219-220
- Houser, George, 751, 1020
- Hoyt, Michael P., 765n, 851n
- Hughes, Cledwyn, 803-805
- Hughes, Lloyd, 874
- Hughes, Thomas L., 12n, 29n, 411n, 560n, 604n, 614n, 615, 739, 1050n, 1066n, 1078n
- Human, Robert H., 765n
- Humphrey, Hubert H., 220, 267, 383-40, 479-4814, 568, 594, 685, 1101
- Hunt (UK), 669
- Husayn I, King of Jordan, 138
- Hutchinson, Edmond C., 101n, 159, 160n, 169n, 219n, 223n, 224n, 325n
- Hutchinson, Edward, 421
- Idris Al-Sanusi, Muhammad, King of Libya, 14, 138, 148n
- Imhof, Johannes V., 20n
- Interdepartmental Regional Group for Africa, 191
- International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). See World Bank.
- International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), 684, 686
- International Court of Justice (ICJ), 965, 970, 1007-1008, 1055n
- International General Electric, 177
- International Monetary Fund (IMF), 159, 160, 469
- International Telecommunications Union, 367
- Ioanes, Raymond, 812n
- Iran, 145
- Ironsi, Maj. Gen. Johnson Aguiyi, 615, 618n
- Israel (see also Six-Day War), 137, 138, 223n, 227, 230-231, 266
- Italy, 362
- Ivory Coast, 286, 389-391
- Iyalla, Amb., 406
- Iyassu Mengesha, Gen., 545, 574, 605
- Jackson, Sir Robert, 435, 436, 439
- Jacobs, George R., 812n
- Jacobs, Martin, 1093n, 1097n, 1101n
- Jacobsen, Jake, 829n
- James, Sir Morrice, 917
- Japan, 953
- Jarring, Gunnar, 598
- Javits, Jacob Kcob K., 369
- Jenkins, Walter, 982
- Jernegan, John D., 50n, 51, 53, 54, 55, 61
- Jerusalem, 138
- Jessup, Peter, 735, 739, 779
- Johnson, Charles E., 1006, 1030-1031, 1040n
- Johnson, Gen., 1109-1110
- Johnson, Lyndon B., 54n, 187n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs:
- Algeria:
- Congo, Republic of the, 369
- Ethiopia:
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 497-500, 591
- Ghana:
- Aluminum plant project, 422-423
- CIA covert operations, alleged, 434
- Cocoa prices, 476-477
- Correspondence with Ankrah, 458-464, 472-473
- Correspondence with Nkrumah, 425-428, 433-434, 448-449
- Coup of 1966, 457
- Harriman’s meeting with Nkrumah, 432, 434, 435
- Meeting with Ankrah, 467, 473, 475-477
- Meeting with Quaison-Sackey, 447-449
- Meeting with Ribeiro, 432-433
- Nkrumah’s Hanoi visit, 448-449
- Soviet military equipment provided to U.S., 463, 477
- U.S. Action Program, 419, 421
- U.S. development assistance, 464, 465, 476
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 457, 462, 482
- U.S. military assistance, 472, 476
- Volta River project, 418, 419, 424-425, 438, 440n
- Lesotho, 1084
- Libya:
- Morocco, 154n
- Ben Barka kidnapping case, 180
- Economic development and private investment, 186
- Correspondence with Hassan, 155, 156, 184-187
- Meeting with Hassan, 183-184, 193-200
- Meeting with M’Hammedi, 180, 181-182
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 184, 186, 192-193, 198, 200
- U.S. military assistance, 192, 197, 206n, 217, 218n
- Nigerian civil war, 661, 683, 686, 690n
- North Africa, 11
- Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa:
- Accomplishments of, 378
- Civil rights developments in U.S., African reaction to, 283
- Communist subversion concerns, 274
- Economic and political progress in newly independent nations, 285
- Humphrey’s trip to Africa, 383
- Interest in African affairs, 304-307
- Meeting with African Ambassadors, 406-408
- Military takeovers of political power and, 322
- Proposed trip to Africa, 408-410
- Soft loan fund, participation in, 376
- Strengthened African Program, 298n, 301, 305, 310, 313, 314-315, 319
- U.S. Negro leadership’s interest in, 288, 294
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 876, 892
- Commonwealth Conferences re, 919
- Correspondence with Kaunda, 883, 891n, 962
- Correspondence with Wilson, 849-851, 859-860, 886-889, 890-891, 893-895, 903, 905-906, 914-916, 919-921, 923-924, 927-929, 955-956
- Economic sanctions, 897, 919, 950, 951n
- Failure of campaign, U.S. contingency planning re, 874, 939, 940, 941
- “Fearless” proposals, 962
- Meetings with Wilson, 870-874, 910-911
- Peace terms issue, 910-911
- Portugal’s concerns, 904-905, 907-908
- U.S. program of sanctions, 840, 846n, 859-860
- Zambia, U.S.-U.K. assistance for, 860, 865, 873, 883, 884
- Zambia-Rhodesia border closing, 891n
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 824
- Somalia, 497-498, 591-597
- South Africa:
- Civil aviation agreement with U.S., 1108
- Meeting with Oppenheimer, 1028-1029
- Nuclear energy program, 1082
- UN actions re, 986
- U.S. military sales, 1005
- U.S. non-segregation policy for personnel in South Africa, 1030
- U.S. policy toward, 981, 982n
- U.S. ships’ port visits, 1051-1052
- U.S. space tracking stations in, 1030
- Verwoerd’s assassination, 1058n
- South West Africa, ICJ ruling re, 1052, 1053, 1055
- Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 799, 800
- Tunisia:
- Bourguiba’s U.S. visit, 242, 259, 265-271
- Correspondence with Bourguiba, 259-260, 263-264
- Meetings with Bourguiba, 265-271
- Meetings with Bourguiba, Jr., 227-229
- Turkey as source of military equipment, 270
- U.S. development assistance, 227-229, 241, 242, 271
- U.S. military assistance, 229, 245, 249, 252, 254n, 272
- Vietnam war, 46-47, 448-449
- Wheelus Air Base:
- Johnson, Vice Adm. Nels C., 143-144
- Johnson, U. Alexis, 281, 495, 544-546, 720-721, 729n, 735, 738n, 966n, 968, 984n, 1001
- Johnson, Vernon, 1005
- Johnson, W. Thomas, 687
- Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS):
- Jonathan, Chief Leabua, 1084-1085
- Jones, G. Lewis, 20n, 84, 85, 86, 90, 92, 93n, 132n
- Jones, Jim, 146
- Jooste, G.P., 967, 969, 983-984
- Jordan Waters problem, 16
- Judd, Thomas M., 90n, 93n, 114n, 122n, 125n, 132n, 574n, 640n, 765n, 788, 792n, 795n, 797n, 807n, 812n, 834n, 838n, 995n
- Junior, Lewis D., 600n
- Junkermann, Col., 492n, 511n
- Kagnew Station military base. See under Ethiopia.
- Kahin, Ismail, 551
- Kaiser, Edgar, 412, 415, 418, 422-423, 424-425, 439
- Kaiser, Philip M., 796n, 809n, 810n, 820-821, 908, 942
- Kalanda, Mabika, 772
- Kamanda, 773
- Kapwepwe, Simon, 358, 790-792, 882n
- Karumearume (Nigeria), 276, 611
- Kassel, Carlos, 780
- Katsina, Gen., 654, 655
- Katzenbach, Nicholas deB., 191n, 267, 273, 473n, 658n, 686n, 952n, 1067n, 1068n, 1084, 1097n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, 363-365, 366-368
- Algeria, 60
- Ethiopia, 548, 554-556, 562, 566-567, 568, 576-577, 606, 608-609
- Ghana, 466-467, 473-475, 478-479
- Horn of Africa, proposed U.S.-Soviet arms freeze, 553-554
- Libya, 135, 146
- Morocco, 197-200, 214, 217
- Nigerian civil war, 659, 662, 664, 666-667, 688, 690
- Nigerian political crisis, 632-633, 649
- Portuguese Africa, 785
- Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa, 368-369, 376-377, 410n
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 921, 925-927, 946-947, 950-951, 956
- Somalia, 591-592
- South Africa, 1089, 1090-1091, 1094, 1108, 1109-1110
- South West Africa, 1091n, 1099-1100
- Southern Africa region, U.S. policy re, 705, 707, 710, 711-712
- Wheelus Air Base, 125-128
- Kaunda, Kenneth D., 374, 395-396, 766, 778, 791, 799, 800, 825, 844n, 849, 851, 875, 881n, 883, 886, 891, 894, 922-923, 956-957, 962
- Keeny, Spurgeon, 1040n
- Keita, Modibo, 150, 330
- Kenitra naval communications center, 151, 152, 153, 198
- Kennedy, Col., 123n, 134n, 781n
- Kennedy, Edward, 4, 688, 689
- Kennedy, John F., 69, 70, 183, 420, 426, 963-964, 968, 1000
- Kennedy, Robert F., 279n, 327, 721, 729n, 734, 735, 742, 1058, 1091-1092
- Kent, Donald J., 451n
- Kent, Sherman, 423, 471
- Kenya, 275, 277, 286, 374, 506, 539, 865, 866, 867
- Kenyatta, Jomo, 275, 277, 283, 374, 400-401, 590, 663, 850, 894
- Khama, Seretse, 692-693
- Khartoum Conference of 1967, 137
- Khoja, Fathi, 137
- Khrushchev, Nikita S., 88, 436, 500-501
- Killick, John, 838-839, 874
- King, Bayard, 781n
- King, Martin Luther, Jr., 295, 296
- King, Samuel, 270
- Kingsley, Rolfe, 779
- Kinsey, William C., 795n, 797n, 807n, 819n, 851n
- Kintner, Bob, 562
- Kipping, Sir N., 850
- Kirn, Rear Aear Adm. L. J., 170-172
- Kissinger, Col., 254n, 589n
- Kitchen, Jeffrey C., 114, 115, 116, 117-118, 121n, 125n, 149n, 203n, 278, 542n, 966n, 971n, 1000, 1021n, 1081
- Kleine, Herman, 20n, 163n, 540n, 754n
- Klibi, Chedli, 269
- Kohler, Foy D., 132n, 191n, 774, 779, 945, 955, 1081, 1095n
- Komer, Robert W., 169n, 173n, 181n,
300n, 692n, 797n, 799n, 819n, 836n, 858n,
865n, 885n, 1022n, 1040n, 1045n
- Algeria, 16-18, 25n, 30-33, 34, 38-39, 40, 45, 46, 49, 51, 52-53
- Ethiopia, 526-527,
- Ghana, 447, 457-458
- Libya, 72, 101-102, 110, 119
- Morocco, 153, 155, 157, 158-159, 160
- Nigeria, 613
- Regional policy regarding sub-Saharan Africa, 29a, 294, 296, 298, 302, 306-307, 313-314, 322-323
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 852-858, 874-875, 876n, 882, 884, 889n, 890, 892, 893n, 895, 897-898
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 806-807, 814-815, 825, 827
- South Africa, 1031, 1038, 1047-1048, 1049n
- Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 798-799, 800-801
- Tunisia, 219-225, 222, 225, 235
- Wheelus Air Base, 72, 76, 82, 85-5–87, 96-97, 103, 104
- Koren, Henry T., 615-617
- Korry, Edward M., 250, 304, 490n, 500n, 549n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, 326, 331-333, 334n, 349
- Ethiopia:
- Dinke’s defection to U.S., 532
- Harriman’s meeting with Haile Selassie, 527-529
- Johnson’s meetings with Haile Selassie, 563, 568
- Johnson’s proposed meeting with Haile Selassie in 1966, 544n
- Policing functions in Africa, 515n
- Political reforms, U.S. encouragement of, 533, 534-535
- “Shake down” policy re U.S. assistance, 526
- U.K. military sales, 574n
- U.S. military assistance, 486, 510-511, 512n, 514n, 524-526, 567, 569-571
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 493n
- Nigerian poisis, 651
- Korry Report, 334-349
- Koumanelis, Steve, 765n, 767n
- Kranich, Robert H., 542n
- Kriebel, P. Wesley, 995n, 1022n
- Krim, Belkacem, 67-68
- Krogh, Peter F., F., 1086
- Kubisch, Jack B., 1107n
- Ladgham, Bahi, 254n
- Lampson, Edward T., 693n, 762n, 769n, 1044n
- Lancaster, Bruce, 886n, 888n
- Landau, George W., 197n, 767n, 769n, 774n, 781n, 785n, 946n
- Lang, William E., 93n, 114n, 125n, 163n, 169n, 174, 206n, 234n, 254n, 288n, 308n, 310n, 515n, 516n, 540n, 542n, 560n, 694n, 705
- Laraki, Ahmed, 177, 188-190, 196, 203n, 206-210
- Lardner, Col., 754n, 765n
- Lawrence, Vinton, 738
- Leddy, John M., 112n, 113, 308n, 754n, 759n, 819n, 823, 874, 917, 923n, 943n, 946n, 1081
- Lee, Arthur R., 100n
- Leffingwell, William M., 510-511
- Lengema, Marcel, 716, 772
- Lennon, J.H., 38
- Leonhart, William, 739-740, 779
- Leroy, Michel, 67-68
- Lesotho, 701-702, 1084-1085
- Lewis, William, 501n
- Liberation movements of Southern Africa. See Nationalist movements of Southern Africa.
- Liberia, 286, 391-392, 970n
- Libya (see also
North Africa; Wheelus Air
Base), 9, 72, 80, 82, 286
- Bakkush’s proposed U.S. visit, 145-146, 147-148
- Economic situation, 5
- Idris’ threatened abdication, 76, 82
- Intelligence report on, 107-108
- Internal security situation, 141-142
- Johnson’s correspondence with Idris, 71, 110-111
- Mutual defense arrangement with U.S., proposed, 100n, 101
- Newsom’s appointment as Ambassador, 110n
- Oil issues, 8
- Political situation, 14-15, 107-108
- Rusk’s meeting with Bishti, 142-143
- Six-Day War and, 125-128
- Tunisia, relations with, 222-223, 234-235
- U.K. military presence, 72, 83, 105, 113, 121-123
- U.S. action program, 101-102, 105
- U.S. development assistance, 69-70, 108-109
- U.S. military assistance, 140, 142-143, 147
- U.S. security guarantee, 110-111, 112, 113, 140-141
- U.S. technical assistance, 6, 120, 135-136, 142, 144-145
- U.S.-U.K. military planning re, 114-119, 141
- Licht, Irving H., 785n
- Lightner, E. Allen, Jr., 73n, 84, 86, 88n, 95, 97n, 99n, 100n, 104, 105-107, 110n
- Little, Edward, 501n
- Lloyd, Wingate, 212
- Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 999-1005
- Logan, Alan, 786
- Looram, Matthew J., 121n, 538n, 540n, 542n, 544n, 546, 551, 553n, 556n, 560n, 564n, 574n, 575n, 580n, 586n, 589n, 595n, 596, 597n, 600n, 650n, 722n, 729n, 736n, 751n, 759n
- Lukumbuzya, 786
- Lusinde, 740
- Maaziq, Husayn Yusuf. See Maziq, Husayn Yusuf.
- Mabunda, David, 753
- MacCracken, John G., 600n
- MacDonald, Malcolm, 629, 849, 891, 922
- Machuirili, Immanuel G. N., 1104
- MacKnight, Jesse M., 743n, 751n, 792n, 813n, 966n, 1022n
- Mahoney, William P., Jr., 411, 413n, 421, 422, 424, 428-431, 436, 443 443–446
- Malawi, 697-698, 701-702
- Mali, 329, 330
- Malik, Yacov A., 500
- Malmborg, Knute, 201n, 254n
- Mandefro, Ayalew, 546
- Mandela, Nelson, 983, 992
- Manert, Bernard, 780
- Manhard, Philip W., 43n
- Mann, Thomas C., 51, 54, 120, 850, 876-880, 881n, 883n, 884, 890, 897n, 902n, 1040, 1047, 1048-1049
- Marcum, John, 746, 780
- Marks, Leonard H., 195, 384, 1053
- Marshall, Thurgood, 384
- Martin, Gen., 125n
- Martins, N. Ade, 621, 652-653, 664n, 665-667
- Mathews, Elbert G., 619, 623, 624n, 626-631, 643-648, 651-652, 664, 667-669, 671-675
- Mattingly, Gen., 259
- Mauritania, 4, 286
- Mauritius, 329
- Mayaki, Amb., 406
- Mayers, Daniel K., 861n
- Maziq, Husayn Yusuf, 84, 85-86, 99, 106, 138, 141
- Mbindi, Gabriel, 1104
- McAfee, William, 365, 782
- McBride, Robert H., 774, 775-778
- McCarthy, Eugene, 378, 685, 689
- McClanahan, Grant, 69n, 87n, 108n, 232n, 234n, 264n, 273
- McClelland, Roswell D., 795, 808n, 810-811, 831n, 833, 838
- McClintic, Stephen H., 151n, 154n
- McCloskey, Robert J., 18n, 179-180
- McCone, John A., 34n, 74n, 279n, 291, 297n, 509n, 729n, 738, 740n, 988n
- McCormack, John, 689
- McDonald, David L., 868-870
- McElhiney, Thomas W., 308n, 743n, 765n, 767n, 774n, 834n, 838n, 844n, 84 883 n, 929n, 943n
- McHenry, Donald, 693n, 785n, 1076n, 1093n, 1097n
- McKesson, John A., 780n
- McKillop, David H., 743n
- McNamara, Robert S., 694, 729n, 824, 849, 873
- Ethiopia:
- Morocco, 165n, 170, 205
- Portuguese Africa, 691, 734
- Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa, 279, 280, 286, 316
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 868
- South Africa, 692, 979, 989, 1002, 1005, 1025-1026, 1072
- South West Africa, 1053
- Southern Africa region, U.S. policy re, 713
- Tunisia, 231, 232n, 235, 240, 247, 249
- Wheelus Air Base, 74, 77
- McNaughton, John T., 165n, 280, 315n, 316n, 558-559, 694-696, 978n
- McPherson, Gen., 704
- Meade, Frazier, 92n
- Meagher, John P., 586n, 743n
- Meeker, Leonard C., 1044n, 1056n, 1057
- Megna, Col. Philip, 254n, 544n
- Meinecke, William H., 254n, 264n
- Melbourne, Roy M., 472n, 473n, 478n, 618n, 620n, 625n, 632n, 634n, 640n, 649n, 650n, 652n, 665n, 676-681
- Melone, Harry R., 358
- Menzies, Robert, 889
- Merchant, Livingston, 353, 354, 362
- Meyers, Howard, 90n, 114n, 515n, 966n, 1021n
- Meyers, Robert, 738
- Mgonja, C. Y., 360
- M’Hammedi, Driss, 156n, 170n, 178-179, 180, 181-182
- Mifima, Solomon, 1089
- Milas, Leo, 753
- Milner, Col. James W., 693n
- Mitchell, Derek, 872, 873, 874
- Mobutu, Lt. Gen. Joseph D., 328, 368-369, 394-395, 472, 474, 771-772, 773, 778
- Mohallim Mohamed, Omar, 597
- Mohamed, Sheikh Ali, 597
- Mohamoud, Ahmed Mohamed, 596
- Mondale, Walter, 689
- Mondlane, Eduardo, 739-740, 741, 742, 747, 751, 779
- Montague, F. Virginia, 958n
- Moor, Carol C., 232n
- Moore, Bob, 67, 68n, 684, 786, 956
- Morell, William N., Jr., 1061n
- Morin, Laurent E., 64
- Morocco (see also
North Africa), 1, 2, 9, 497
- Algerian coup of 1965, 42-43
- Algerian military threat, 17-18, 32, 149-151, 154n, 158, 161, 163, 170-171, 188, 189, 196-197, 203-205, 207-210
- Ben Barka kidnapping case, 52, 179-182, 210
- Cuba, trade with, 153, 193, 200-201, 210
- Economic development and private investment, 177-179, 182, 185, 186
- Economic situation, 155, 158-162
- France, relations with, 163, 180-182
- Germany (FRG), relations with, 167, 176
- Harriman’s visit, 187-188
- Johnson’s correspondence with Hassan, 155, 156, 184-187
- Johnson’s meeting with Hassan, 183-184, 193-200
- Johnson’s meeting with M’Hammedi, 180, 181-182
- Manganese exports to U.S., 154
- Military situation, 14
- Mutual defense arrangement with U.S., proposed, 3-4, 211
- Nonalignment policy, 166, 167-168, 173
- Political situation, 13, 175-177
- Rusk’s meeting with Benhima, 166-167
- Rusk’s meeting with Laraki, 188-190
- Rusk’s meeting with Prince Moulay Abdullah, 177-179
- Six-Day War and, 207
- Soviet Union, relations with, 149n, 164, 187, 189-190
- Spain, relations with, 182
- Territorial claims, 4, 5
- Tunisia, relations with, 221
- U.S. economic development assistance, 5, 168-169
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 169, 184-185, 186, 192-193, 194-195, 198, 200-201, 216
- U.S. military assistance, 149-151, 157, 163-165, 169-172, 191, 192, 197, 199, 201-210, 212-218
- U.S. military contingency facility in, 174, 175
- U.S. withdrawal from military bases, 151-152
- Voice of America relay transmitter in, 195, 198
- Morris, Donald R., 544n, 925, 1067n, 1069n
- Morris, Roger, 406n, 590n, 688, 689-690, 960-961
- Morton, Byron B., 1083n
- Moulay Abdullah, Prince of Morocco, 177-179
- El Mouldi, Ferid, 224, 248
- Moyers, Bill, 304-305, 327, 447, 455n, 458n, 486, 871, 874
- Mozambique. See Portuguese Africa.
- Mufti, Ibrahim el, 360
- Mulcahy, Edward W., 538n, 759n, 790, 792, 803, 809n, 812n, 881n
- Muller, Hilgard, 921, 929, 969, 975, 995, 1006, 1026-1028, 1036, 1039, 1077, 1083, 1086-1087
- Muller, Willard, 484n, 488n, 516n, 520n
- Multer, Abraham J., 376
- Muntasir, Mahmud, 86, 97n, 98, 99, 104, 106-107
- Murray, Donald, 942
- Murumbi, Joseph, 358, 361
- Mutumbulua, Jason D., 1104
- Myerson, Jacob, 819n
- Nabrit, James M., 360
- Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 13, 71n, 72, 81, 82, 187-188, 220, 230, 234n, 238, 261-263, 283, 528
- National Academy of Sciences, 367
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 694, 971n, 985, 997, 1035, 1045, 1046-1047
- National Intelligence Estimates (see also Special National Intelligence Estimates):
- Nationalist movements of Southern Africa (see also Portuguese Africa), 698-700
- National Security Action Memorandums:
- National Security Council (NSC):
- Naude, Willem C., 963-965, 974n, 1026, 1027, 1031n
- Negro leadership in America, interest in U.S. African policy, 288-289, 294, 295, 296
- Neilson, Waldemar, 327
- Nelson, Charles J., 43n, 50n, 168n, 225n
- Neo-Colonialism (Nkrumah), 451-452
- Neuman, Robert H., 123n, 125n, 132n
- New Policy for Africa. See Strengthened African Program.
- Newman, Cecil, 384
- Newsom, David D., 16n, 18n, 20n, 29n, 30n, 69n, 71n, 74n, 84n, 90n, 92n, 93n, 97n, 100n, 102, 123n, 149n, 163n, 175n, 220n, 484n, 488n, 491n, 492n, 494n, 496n, 497n, 499n, 501n, 502n, 504n, 507n, 511n, 515n, 516n
- Nigeria (see also Nigerian civil war; Nigerian political crisis), 166, 222, 284, 286, 328, 346, 474, 610-611, 614, 983
- Nigerian civil war, 368, 372-373
- Economic consequences, 682
- Evacuation of foreigners, 657, 659-660
- Gowan’s spokesman to see Johnson, proposed, 668-669
- Humanitarian assistance, 683-690
- Humphrey’s proposed visit to Nigeria and, 669-670
- Intelligence report on, 682
- Johnson’s correspondence with Gowon, 686
- Mediation efforts, 477, 683, 690
- Military purchases by belligerents, 663-665, 667-668, 674-675, 679-680
- Onset of, 658, 659
- Recognition of Biafra issue, 661
- U.S. development assistance and, 674
- U.S.-Nigerian discussions re U.S. policy, 662, 665-667
- U.S. nonintervention policy, 658, 671-681
- U.S. public attitude toward, 672, 684-685
- Nigerian political crisis (see also
Nigerian civil war):
- Aburi agreements, 634n, 638-640, 643
- Autonomy offer for Eastern region, 641-642, 643-644
- Confederation option, 640
- Countercoup of July, 1966, 618-619
- Coup of January 1966, 615-617
- Economic warfare, 645, 649, 655
- Elections of 1964, 612
- Federal government’s requests for international support, 636-637, 652-653
- Foreigners’ departure from Eastern region, 643, 644-645
- Iboland option, 648
- Intelligence reports on, 613-614, 622
- Mediation efforts, 613, 630, 632-634, 637, 640, 643-644, 647, 649, 650-651, 656
- Military conflict, prospects for, 629-631, 636-637, 646
- Political prohibitions, 617
- Secession issue, 619, 620-621, 623, 626-629, 645-646, 647-648, 649
- U.S. analysis of, 654-656
- U.S. military assistance, requests for, 634-635
- U.S. policy re, 624, 625-626, 637-638, 653, 656-657
- U.S.-U.K. consultations re, 640-641, 651-652
- Nilsen, Sylvia E., 201n
- Nitze, Paul R., 606-607, 608, 707-708, 779, 1051, 1071, 1089-1090
- Nkrumah, Kwame, 468, 611, 805
- Assassination attempt on, 411, 423
- Ghana, 413-414, 438, 459
- Aluminum plant project, 422
- Anti-American campaign, 411, 412, 420, 424n, 428-429, 444-446, 451-452
- CIA covert operations, alleged, 411n, 426, 429-430, 432-433
- Corruption problem, 429
- Coup of 1966, 453-454, 455, 458-459
- Foreign investment policy, 426-427, 438-439
- Non-alignment policy, 426
- Socialist policies, 426-427, 430, 435-436
- Soviet Union, relations with, 429, 430 430
- Volta River project, 435, 439
- Williams’ meeting with Nkrumah, 450-451
- Hanoi visit, 448-449
- Harriman’s meeting with, 435-436
- Johnson’s correspondence with, 425-428, 433-434, 448-449
- Kaiser’s meeting with, 424-425
- Mahoney’s meetings with, 428-431, 444-446
- Mental instability, 413, 418, 445
- Nogueira, Franco, 718, 719, 720n, 724n, 734, 744, 750, 754-755, 758n, 761n, 781n, 787, 946-947
- North Africa (see also
Algeria; Libya; Morocco; Tunisia), 404-405
- Arms race, 3-4, 10
- Border problems, 4
- Economic development, 5-6
- Food problems, 5
- Historical-cultural overview, 7-8
- Intelligence reports on, 1-2, 12-15
- NSC meeting on, 9-11
- Oil and gas production, 8
- Polarization problem, 4
- Radicals vs. moderates in, 15
- Regional defensive arrangement, proposed, 237
- Regional economic cooperation, 6
- Six-Day War and, 12, 370-371
- Strategic importance, 3
- U.S. policy toward, 6-8, 11
- Nouakchott Conference of 1965, 446
- Nowfel, Camille, 196
- Nuclear free zone issue, 28, 280-282, 315-317
- Nujoma, Sam, 1088-1089
- Nyerere, Julius, 275, 276, 277, 374, 743-745, 800, 801, 850, 875, 1000
- Nzeogwu, Maj. Kaduna, 615
- Obote, Milton, 275, 277, 328, 374, 851
- Occidental Petroleum, 177
- Ocran, Gen., 639
- Odaka, Samuel, 358
- Ogbu, 647, 648
- Ohin, Amb., 406
- Ojukwu, Lt. Col. Chukwuemeka Odumegwu,
618n
- Nigerian civil war, 684
- Nigerian political crisis:
- Aburi agreements, 638-640, 643
- Autonomy offer for Eastern region, 641-642, 643-644
- Countercoup of July 1966, 618-619
- Economic warfare, 645
- Foreigners’ departure from Eastern region, 644-645
- Mediation efforts, 634n, 643-644
- Military conflict, prospects for, 629-630, 646
- Secession issue, 620, 623, 627-628, 645-646
- U.S. policy, 637-638
- U.S. analysis of, 654-655
- U.S. public attitude toward, 672
- Olds, Herbert V., 504n
- Omar, Haji Farah Ali, 596
- O’Neill, W. Paul, Jr., 240, 487n, 956
- Oppenheimer, Harry, 1028-1029
- Organization of African and Malagasy States (OCAM), 381
- Organization of African Unity (OAU), 219, 285, 338-339, 381, 506
- Civil rights developments in U.S., African reaction to, 283
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 491, 503
- Johnson’s speech to OAU Ambassadors, 324-327
- Nigerian civil war, 683, 685
- Nuclear free zone issue, 280, 282n
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 849, 853n
- Roberto’s assessment of, 775-776
- Ormsby-Gore, Sir David, 418
- O’Sheel, Patrick, 1031n
- Osman, Ahmed, 206, 212-213
- O’Sullivan, James L., 716, 743n, 745-746, 751n
- Otto, Johannes G., 1104
- Otu, Gen., 443, 454
- Oufkir, Mohammed, 13, 52, 181, 203n, 204, 221
- Oulashin, Eric E., 92n, 488n
- Owen, Henry D., 705-706, 709, 710, 712
- Palabora Mining Company, 996
- Paliser, Michael, 908
- Palmer, Joseph, II, 9n, 125n, 132n, 134n, 196, 197n, 203n, 215n,
260n, 263n, 264n, 270, 325n, 463n, 472n,
473n, 478, 538n, 540n, 544n, 551, 553n,
585n, 588, 596, 597n, 625n, 632n, 634n,
636n, 641n, 650n, 658n, 686n, 774n, 781n,
923n, 926, 945, 1055, 1056n, 1057, 1061n, 1069n, 1073n,
1083n, 1099n, 1101n, 1106n, 1107n, 1108n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, 350, 363, 364
- Algeria, 11, 60, 61
- Ethiopia, 546-547, 580
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 586-588
- Palmer, Joseph, II—Continued
- Libya, 120
- Morocco, 189, 191, 206-210, 211, 212-213, 214
- Nigerian civil war, 660, 669, 676, 684, 688n
- Nigerian political crisis, 620-621
- Portuguese Africa, 779
- Regional policy regarding sub-Saharan Africa, 408
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 956-957
- Somalia, 495, 496
- Southern Africa region, U.S. policy re, 708-709, 712
- South West Africa, 1059-1060, 1086-1087
- Tunisia, 243n, 248
- Pan-African Military School, 286-288
- Pape, Thomas, 754n
- Pauluku, Gov., 773
- Pearson, Sen., 689, 1048
- Pearson, Lester, 889
- Peel, Amb., 406
- Pelletreau, Robert H., 29n, 455n
- Peters, Cmdr., 201n, 254n
- Peterson, Jorge, 772
- Pfund, Peter H., 846n
- Phillips, Richard I., 43n, 417, 788
- Pinckney, Maj., 122n
- Pinkston, Gen., 516n
- Pinto Ramos, Sebastien, 776
- Player, Adger E., 414
- Plimpton, 984, 992n
- Poats, Rutherford, 704
- Polansky, Sol, 87n, 504n
- Polk, Leslie D., 101n, 243n
- Pollack, Herman, 1045n
- Pompidou, Georges, 180
- Popper, David H., 764, 931, 1044n, 1059n, 1073n, 1081, 1093n
- Porson, S., 188
- Porter, William J., 18, 20n, 24-25, 36-37, 38, 39, 44n
- Portugal (see also Portuguese Africa), 780-782, 803, 887, 904-905, 907-908, 938, 942, 946-947
- Portuguese Africa (see also
Southern Africa region, U.S. policy re), 371
- African-Portuguese talks, proposed, 691, 717-720, 722-724, 737-738, 761-762
- Anderson Plan for self-determination, 754-758, 760
- Azores issue, 691, 693-694, 734, 750
- Communist assistance for nationalist movements, 716, 717, 720, 753
- Economic burden on Portugal, 754
- Gilpatric’s report on, 748-749
- Internal dissension in nationalist movements, 723, 726, 730, 745-746, 759, 772, 777
- “Manifesto” of nationalist movements, 776-777
- Mondlane’s U.S. visit, 742
- Political action program for nationalist movements, proposed, 729-735
- Portugal’s policy toward, 730-731
- Portugal’s reform program in, 736-737
- Portugal’s use of U.S./NATO military equipment, 765-768
- Refugee problem, 775
- Regional effects of fighting, 743-745, 765-768, 771-773
- Rusk’s meetings with Portuguese leaders, 786-787
- Self-determination issue, 717-720, 722-724, 738, 754-758, 759-763
- UN actions re, 759-764, 769
- U.S. contacts with nationalist leaders, 739-740, 742, 751, 774, 775-778, 779
- U.S. covert support for nationalist movements, 720-721, 724-728, 738-739, 742-743, 770-771, 780-782
- U.S. education program for Angolan refugees, 776
- U.S. military assistance for Portugal and, 749-750, 785, 786
- U.S. objectives re, 701, 703, 731, 743-745
- U.S. reports on nationalist movements, 740-741, 752-754, 783-784
- Wright’s views re, 747
- Post, Albert, 254n, 264n
- Post, Richard St. F., 492n, 499n, 502n, 504n
- Prain, Sir Ronald, 791
- Pratt, James W., 553n
- Proctor, Samuel, 384
- Pumphrey, 957
- al-Qadhaafi, Wanis, 148n
- Quaison-Sackey, 447-449
- Quimby, Thomas H. E., 600n, 782, 785n, 952, 955, 1102n
- Quinn, Harry A., 754n
- Quist-Therson, E. C., 466
- Rabida, Albert A., 201n
- Radziwill, Stanislaus, 735
- Randall, Clarence H., 995
- Randolph, Phil, 296
- Read, Benjamin H., 3n, 9n, 151n, 279n, 281-282, 404n, 831n, 845-846, 849n, 914n, 923n, 929n, 949n, 955n, 1032n, 1038, 1041n
- Reddy, 1094
- Reed, Eugene M., 154n, 560n
- Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa (see also
Action Program on African Development Policies and
Programs):
- Accomplishments of, 378-381 381
- Arms control initiative, 355-357
- CIA covert operations, 290-293, 365-366
- Civil rights developments in U.S., African reaction to, 283-284
- Communist subversion concerns, 274, 275-277, 297-298, 329, 331, 382-383, 404-405
- Economic and political progress in newly independent nations, 285-286
- Humphrey’s trip to Africa, 383-404
- Independence and majority rule, support for, 313-314, 315, 327, 358-361
- Internal security assistance, 279-280
- Johnson’s interest in African affairs, 304-307
- Johnson’s meeting with African Ambassado06-408
- Johnson’s proposed trip to Africa, 408-410
- Military take-overs of political power and, 320-323
- Military training school, 286-288
- Military transport flights, 278
- New Policy for Africa. See Strengthened African Program below.
- Nuclear free zone issue, 280-282, 315-317
- Problem areas for U.S., 297-298, 328 -28-330, 368-375, 404-406
- Rusk’s meeting with African Foreign Ministers, 358-361
- Soft loan fund, participation in, 376-377
- Strengthened African Program, 298-303, 305, 308-315, 318-319
- Telecommunications system for Africa, proposed, 304
- U.S. Negro leadership’s interest in, 288-289, 294, 295, 296
- West African radicalism and, 330-331
- Rehfeld, Eric, 785n
- Reinertson, John E., 763n, 764n
- Reis, Herbert K., 1102n
- Resnick, Congressman, 638, 664
- Reuter, Dick, 184, 185
- Reuther, Victor, 1021
- Rhodesia (see also Rhodesian government, international campaign against; Rhodesian unilateral independence issue), 313, 328, 368, 371
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against:
- Africans in Rhodesia and, 926
- Commonwealth Conferences re, 885, 886, 887-888, 893, 895, 914-916, 917, 919
- Consulates’ withdrawal from Rhodesia, 952-953
- Economic sanctions (see also
Oil embargo and U.S. program of
sanctions below
), 809-810, 823,
850, 855, 861-862, 874, 929n, 930, 931
- Extended mandatory sanctions, 947-951, 954
- Impact on Rhodesia, 847-848, 886-888, 892, 908-909, 944
- Mandatory UN sanctions, 695, 866-867, 879-880, 912-913, 914, 915, 917, 919, 936-937, 938, 947-948
- Rejection of sanctions by Portugal and South Africa, 938, 942-943, 946-947
- Rhodesia’s retaliatory measures, 859, 938
- Time-related concerns, 877-880, 897-898
- U.K. strategy, 885, 896n
- Failure of campaign, U.S. contingency planning re, 874-875, 939-942
- Famine relief, 888-889
- “Fearless” proposals, 956-958, 960-961, 962
- Intelligence reports on, 826, 930, 938, 954
- Johnson’s correspondence with Kaunda, 883, 891n, 962
- Johnson’s correspondence with Wilson, 849-851, 859-860, 886-889, 890-891, 893-895, 903, 905-906, 914-916, 919-921, 923-924, 927-929, 955-956
- Johnson’s meetings with Wilson, 870-874, 910-911
- Military options, 843, 856, 868-870, 876-877, 882, 922-923, 940
- Naval blockade option, 877, 880
- Oil embargo, 846-847, 850, 860-861, 862-863, 864, 865, 867, 872, 873, 901-902, 946
- Peace terms issue, 887, 895, 910-911
- Portugal’s concerns, 904-905, 907-908
- Rhodesians’ reaction, 848
- Rhodesia’s Information Office in U.S. and, 897
- South Africa’s contacts with Rhodesians, 920-921, 923, 929-930
- U.K. contingency planning, 822-824
- U.K. interests and objectives, 934, 945
- U.K. military presence in Zambia, 849-852, 894, 904-905
- U.K.-Rhodesia negotiations, 877, 902, 902, 903, 905-906, 911n, 922, 923-924, 927-929, 943, 944, 955-956, 961n
- U.K. tobacco problem, 812-813
- UN actions re, 695, 843n, 847n, 865, 866-867, 879-880, 901-902, 931, 949-953, 958, 959
- U.S. analyses of Rhodesian situation, 932-937, 943-945
- U.S. contingency planning, 797-798, 823
- U.S. interests and objectives, 934, 945
- U.S. limits on involvement, 898-901
- U.S. program of sanctions, 840-842, 845-846, 859-860, 865, 890
- U.S. refusal to recognize government, 839
- U.S.-South Africa discussion, 1064-1065
- U.S. stake in outcome, 852-858
- U.S.-U.K. discussions (see also Johnson’s meetings with Wilson above ), 860-863, 895-896, 908-909, 917-918, 922-923, 925-927, 942-943
- Wilson’s meeting with Kaunda, 891, 894
- Zambia, U.S.-U.K. assistance for, 804, 806, 824, 862, 863, 864-865, 866, 872, 873, 879, 881, 882, 883, 884, 886, 898, 909
- Zambia-Rhodesia border closing, 891, 894
- Zambia-Rhodesia economic warfare, 843, 844, 855-856, 877-878, 881, 886
- Zambia’s economic decline due to, 938, 954
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue:
- Agitation in Rhodesia, 801-802
- Johnson’s correspondence with Smith, 829-833
- Johnson’s correspondence with Wilson, 813-814, 817, 829-830, 833-834
- Rhodesia’s declaration of independence, 838-839
- Rhodesia’s position, 820-821
- Royal Commission of Inquiry, 830, 831n, 834-836
- U.K. conditions for granting independence, 835n
- U.K.-Rhodesia negotiations, 803, 813-814, 824-825, 829-830, 833-834
- UN actions re, 794-795, 818, 825, 843n
- U.S. policy re, 701, 702, 801-802, 806-807
- U.S. response to Rhodesia’s declaration, 836-837
- U.S.-U.K. coordinated approach, 792-794, 800, 803-805, 809-810, 813-818, 828
- U.S.-U.K. protests, 788-789
- Zambia’s concerns, 790-792, 806
- Ribeiro, Miguel Augustus, 425n, 432-433, 447-448, 451-452
- Rivonia Trial, 983-984, 992
- Roberto, Holden, 291, 716, 717, 723, 726, 729, 741, 745, 746, 759n, 770-773, 774, 775-778
- Rogers, William D., 851n, 861n
- Roll, Sir Eric, 788, 860, 861
- Rollefson, Arthur M., 971-972
- Roosevelt, Archibald, 779
- Root, John F., 40, 50n, 64-68, 114, 116, 118, 122n, 123n, 124n, 125n, 132n, 134n, 181n, 196, 197n, 201n, 203n, 212-213, 215n, 243n, 254n, 260n, 264n, 270, 273
- Rostow, Eugene V., 132n, 203n, 263n, 273, 709-710, 917, 971n, 1040, 1106
- Rostow, Walt W., 101n, 196, 308n,
320n, 321, 404n, 458n, 779, 900, 904, 949n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, 324-325 325, 327, 331, 361-362, 363, 364
- Al
- Algeria, 53, 56-60, 61
- Ethiopia, 548, 562-564, 566
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 591-592, 594
- Ghana, 463, 465-466, 475-477, 482-483
- Lesotho, 1084-1085
- Libya, 144-146, 147
- Malawi, 697
- Morocco:
- Nigerian civil war, 659, 661, 662, 665-666, 663, 669, 683, 687, 689
- Nigerian political crisis, 617, 654
- Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa, 328, 355, 380, 406-410
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 901, 939, 942-943, 960
- Somalia, 593-595
- South Africa, 1051, 1058, 1097, 1108-1109, 1110
- South West Africa, 1054, 1062, 1079
- Southern Africa region, U.S. policy re, 703
- Tunisia:
- Rountree, William M., 921n, 1058, 1064, 1069n, 1101n, 1105n
- Rowan, Carl T., 81, 283-284
- Roy, J. Stapleton, 9n
- Rucker, Alvin M., 780n
- Runyon, Charles, III, 84n, 90n, 92n, 93n, 201n, 658n, 807n, 966n, 992n, 1022n, 1059n, 1093n, 1099n, 1101n, 1102n, 1106n, 1107n
- Ruser, Claus W., 215n, 705
- Rusk, Dean, 3n,
9n, 12n, 54n, 187n, 196, 324n, 479, 604n, 1005n
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, 325-326
- Afro-Asian Conference of 1965, 44
- Algeria:
- Anti-American agitation, 18-20, 50
- Internal security problems, 62
- Non-alignment policy, 27
- Opposition elements, alleged U.S. support for, 27, 28, 29-30
- Meeting with Guellal, 26-28
- U.S., relations with, 26-28
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 11, 28, 39, 56-57, 58n, 59, 60
- U.S. recognition of Boumediene government, 43-44
- Ethiopia:
- Dinke’s defection to U.S., 531, 532n
- Eritrean insurgency, 575
- Johnson’s correspondence with Haile Selassie, 488-489, 549-550
- Johnson’s meetings with Haile Selassie, 560-561
- Johnson’s proposed meeting with Haile Selassie in 1966, 544n
- Kagnew Station military base, 561
- Policing functions in Africa, 515-516
- U.K. military sales, 574, 580
- U.S. military assistance, 511-512, 515-516, 540-541, 559-561, 589-590
- U.S. objectives and policies, 506
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute:
- Ghana, 422
- Horn of Africa, 504-507, 553
- Libya, 69-70, 71, 101, 113, 114-115, 121-123, 142-143
- Morocco:
- Algerian military threat, 149-151, 203-205
- Ben Barka kidnapping case, 180-181
- Economic development and private investment, 177-179
- Johnson’s correspondence with Hassan, 155n
- Johnson’s meeting with M’Hammedi, 180, 181-182
- Manganese exports to U.S., 154
- Meetings with Moroccan officials, 166—167, 177-179, 188-190
- Political situation, 175-177
- U.S. development assistance, 168-169
- U.S. food and agricultural assistance, 169, 216
- U.S. military assistance, 149-151, 163, 165n, 191, 201-205, 215-216
- Nigerian civil war, 658, 665-667, 683, 686, 689
- Nigerian political crisis:
- Autonomy offer for Eastern region, 641-642
- Confederation option, 640
- Countercoup of July 1966, 618-619
- Federal government’s requests for international support, 636-637, 652-653
- Mediation efforts, 633-634, 637, 640, 650-651
- Military conflict, prospects for, 636-637
- Secession issue, 619, 620-621
- U.S. military assistance, requests for, 634-635
- U.S. policy, 624, 625-626, 653
- U.S.-U.K. consultations re, 640-641
- North Africa, 11, 237
- Portuguese Africa:
- African-Portuguese talks, proposed, 717 20, 722-724, 761-762
- Anderson Plan for self-determination, 754-758, 760
- Azores issue, 691, 693-694
- Communist assistance for nationalist movements, 717
- Internal dissension in nationalist movements, 723, 759
- Mondlane’s U.S. visit, 742
- Political action program for nationalist movements, proposed, 729, 733-735
- Portugal’s use of U.S./NATO military equipment, 765-768
- Regional effects of fighting, 743-745, 765-768
- Rusk’s meetings with Portuguese leaders, 786-787
- Self-determination issue, 717-720, 722-724, 754-758, 759-762
- UN actions re, 759-762, 769
- U.S. contacts with nationalist leaders, 742, 751
- U.S. covert support for nationalist movements, 720, 724, 780-782
- U.S. objectives re, 743-745
- U.S. reports on nationalist movements, 783
- Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa, 279, 294, 295, 320, 358-361, 410n
- Strengthened African Program, 308, 310-312, 314, 318, 319
- Rhodesia, U.S. arms embargo against, 795-796
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 850, 860, 873,
889, 895, 910-911, 920, 929, 959
- Consulates’ withdrawal from Rhodesia, 953n
- Economic sanctions, 861-862, 908-909, 947
- Failure of campaign, U.S. contingency planning re, 940, 941
- “Fearless” proposals, 958
- Military options, 922-923, 940
- Oil embargo, 846-847, 862-863
- Peace terms issue, 910-911
- South Africa’s contacts with Rhodesians, 929-930
- U.K. contingency planning, 823, 824
- U.K. military presence in Zambia, 851-852
- U.S. program of sanctions, 840, 859-860
- U.S. refusal to recognize government, 839
- U.S.-U.K. discussions, 908-910, 917-918, 922-923
- Zambia, U.S.-U.K. assistance for, 824, 862, 881, 882n, 883, 909
- Zambia-Rhodesia economic warfare, 844, 881
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 813, 831-832, 837n
- Six-Day War, U.S. policy, 261-262
- Somalia:
- Anti-American campaign, 494-495
- Haile Selassie’s U.S. visit, concerns re, 556-557
- Irredentist policies, 484-485, 487-488, 557
- Meeting with Abdirazak, 551-553
- Meeting with Egal, 597-598
- Soviet Union, relations with, 552
- U.S. economic development assistance, 541, 552, 597
- U.S. objectives and policies, 507
- South Africa, 963, 993
- Apartheid policy, 993, 1019-1021, 1044
- Economic sanctions issue, 1019-1020, 1040
- “One man-one vote” issue, 1101-1102
- UN actions re, 987-988
- U.S. Embassy staff transfer, South Africa’s request for, 1039
- U.S. military involvement in support of UN actions, possible, 1025
- U.S. military sales, 966-967, 1002, 1083, 1097-1098
- U.S. non-segregation policy for personnel in South Africa, 1021-1022
- U.S. ships’ port visits, 1067-1069
- U.S. space tracking stations in, 692, 693-694, 967, 1046
- South West Africa:
- Tunisia, 234-235,
244, 263-264
- Arab League agenda, rejection of, 230
- Bourguiba’s U.S. visit, 242-243, 244, 257-259
- Civic action program, 240
- Meetings with Bourguiba Jr., 236-241, 260-263
- Meetings with Driss, 243-244, 248-249, 257-259
- Six-Day War and, 260-263
- U.S. economic development assistance, 225n, 229-230, 242-243
- U.S. military assistance, 231-233, 236-241, 244, 245-246, 247, 248-249, 251, 254n, 255-257, 264-265
- U.S. security guarantee, proposed, 254-255
- Vietnam war, 359
- Wheelus Air Base:
- Instructions for U.S. negotiators, 84-85, 90-32-134
- Israel-related concerns of Libyans, 123-125
- Libyanization program, 92-93
- Tunisia’s security and, 237
- U.S. action program re, 74, 83-84
- U.S. discussions with Idris re, 87-88, 93-95
- U.S.-Libyan relations and, 74-76
- U.S. negotiating strategy, 73
- U.S. withdrawal issue, 97-98, 100-101
- Russell, Francis H., 228, 233n, 234n, 254n, 270
- Russell, Richard, 941
- Sacksteder, Frederick, 142n, 254n, 257, 259, 263n
- Salans, Carl F., 1073n
- Salazar, Antonio de Oliveira, 728, 729, 731, 734, 735, 760, 786-787, 904, 907
- Samantar, Haji Mussa, 596
- Sanderson, Fred H., 812n
- Sandys, Duncan, 276
- Sanusi, Alhaji M. A., 620-621
- Sarrell, Amb., 128
- Satterthwaite, Joseph C., 969-970, 975-977, 983-984, 1026-1028, 1031n, 1036, 1037
- Saunders, Harold H., 11n, 159, 191n, 196, 197n, 203n, 225, 263n, 269, 300n, 704
- Savimbi, Jonas, 746, 759n, 772, 777-778
- Schaufele, William E., Jr., 759n
- Schlosser, Wilhelm, 777
- Schmitz, Charles A., 797n
- Schultze, Charles L., 241, 254, 314, 465
- Schwartz, Harry H., 898n, 900-901
- Schwebel, Stephen M., 759n, 762n, 1022n
- Scott, Joseph W., 611, 720-721
- Scott, Kenneth, 788
- Seaborg, Glenn T., 145
- Sebastian, Peter, 781n
- Seider, Francis J., 1102n
- Senegal, 166, 328
- Senghor, Leopold Sedar, 328
- Senior Interdepartmental Group, 898-901, 1109-1110
- Shego, Ali Omar, 596
- Shullaw, J. Harold, 121n, 912
- Sianis, Maj. Gen. Pete C., 713-715
- Sibley, Gen., 125n, 132n
- Sieverts, Frank A., 1067n
- Sisco, Joseph J., 166, 169n, 691, 692, 705, 711, 712, 754n, 759n, 762n, 763, 818n, 827, 843, 846n, 912-913, 923n, 925, 947-948, 952-953, 1022n, 1055, 1073n, 1076-1077, 1079-1080
- Sisulu, Walter, 992
- Six-Day War, 12, 6, 125-1281, 137, 207, 260-263, 370-371
- Slaoui, Driss, 151n
- Slim, Taieb, 240, 760
- Sloan, Frank K., 278, 510, 511, 966n, 968-969, 978-979
- Sloan, Samuel, 618n
- Smith, Bromley K., 247, 325n, 369, 849n, 932n, 942, 1053
- Smith, Ian, 932
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against:
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue:
- Smith, Robert P., 451n, 455n, 618n, 620n, 632n, 633n, 634n, 636n, 640n, 641n, 658n, 686n
- Smith, Rufus Z., 633n
- Smyser, William R., 754n
- Sobotka, Clement, 743n
- Soko, J. H., 790
- Solbert, Peter, 175, 525
- Sole (South Africa), 966, 1067, 1068n
- Solomon, Anthony M., 308n, 842, 861n, 881n
- Somalia (see also
Ethiopia-Somalia dispute; Horn of
Africa), 588
- Anti-American campaign, 494-495
- Arab-Israeli conflict and, 598
- Egal government, 581-584, 587-588
- Haile Selassie’s U.S. visit, concerns re, 556-557
- Humphrey’s visit, 399-400
- Irredentist policies, 484-485, 487-488, 490-491, 509, 529-530, 557, 572
- Johnson’s correspondence with Aden, 497-498
- Johnson’s meeting with Egal, 591-597
- Kenya, relations with, 509, 582-588, 591-592, 594, 597, 600
- Rusk’s meeting with Abdirazak, 551-553
- Rusk’s meeting with Egal, 597-598
- Soviet Union, relations with, 485, 502, 505, 506, 509, 519, 551, 552, 600, 603-604
- U.S. covert operations, 495-496
- U.S. economic development assistance, 541, 551-552, 570, 594-595, 597
- U.S. military assistance to Ethiopia, protests re, 538-539
- U.S. objectives and policies, 507
- Williams’s meeting with Adan, 529-530
- Sommers, Cmdr., 667-668
- Sonnenfeldt, Helmut, 500n
- South Africa (see also
South West Africa), 313, 329, 371-372, 610
- Apartheid policy, 963-965, 1009
- Black nationalists, actions against (Rivonia Trial), 983-984, 992
- Blockade issue, 695-696
- Civil aviation agreement with U.S., 1108-1109
- Economic sanctions issue, 695, 989, 994, 998, 1010-1011, 1019-1020, 1038, 1040-1041, 1061, 1066
- Economic situation, 1010
- Homelands policy, 1009-1010, 1084-1085
- Intelligence reports on, 988-989, 1061, 1077-1078
- Johnson’s meeting with Oppenheimer, 1028-1029
- Military situation, 1010
- Moderate whites, U.S. support for, 1037
- Nationalist movement, 698-699
- Nuclear energy program, 998-999, 1006, 1082
- “One man-one vote” issue, 1101-1102
- Political situation, 988-989, 1078
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 887, 902, 915, 916, 925, 928
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 791
- Strategic importance to U.S., 1011
- UN actions re, 691-692, 986-988, 992n, 993-994, 1044
- U.S. disengagement, proposed, 1083-1084
- U.S. Embassy staff transfer, South Africa’s request for, 1031-1032, 1039
- U.S. loans and investment guarantees, 985, 996-997, 1034-1035
- U.S. military involvement in support of UN actions, possible, 1025-1026
- U.S. military requirements for facilities and contractual support, 1070-1072
- U.S. military sales, 966-969, 978, 979-981, 985, 996, 999-1005, 1034, 1047-1049, 1081-1082, 1083, 1094-1098
- U.S. non-segregation policy for personnel in South Africa, 1021-1022, 1026-1028, 1030-1031, 1032-1033, 1042
- U.S. policy toward, 700, 702, 973-974
- U.S. ships’ port visits, 1021-1022, 1026-1028, 1051-1052, 1067-1069, 1089-1091, 1109-1110
- U.S. space tracking stations in, 692, 693-694, 967, 968, 971-972, 978, 979, 985, 997, 1030-1031, 1032-1033, 1035, 1038, 1042-1043, 1045-1047, 1078
- Verwoerd’s assassination, 1058-1059
- Southern Africa region, U.S. policy re, 699-715
- South West Africa, 329, 368, 371, 918, 1007-1008
- Homelands for non-white groups (Odendaal plan), 969-970, 975-977, 995-996, 1034, 1107-1108
- ICJ ruling on, 970n, 1007-1008, 1052-1057
- Intelligence reports on, 1050, 1065-1066
- Mandate system, 965
- Nationalist movement, 698-699, 1088-1089
- Terrorism Act trials, 1091-1094, 1099-1100, 1102-1106
- UN administration issue, 695, 964-965, 1062-1064, 1065-1066
- U.S. aide-memoire re, 1059-1060
- U.S. policy re, 701, 702, 973-974, 985-986, 997-998, 1012-1018
- U.S.-U.K. coordinated approach re, 1022-1024, 1033, 1035-1036
- Soviet Union, 602
- Algeria, relations with, 2, 3, 11, 21, 24, 26, 36, 41-42, 50, 62
- Arms control, 355-357
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 500-501
- Ghana, relations with, 429, 430, 459
- Horn of Africa, 573
- Morocco, relations with, 149n, 164, 187, 189-190
- Nationalist movements of Southern Africa and, 699
- Nigerian civil war, 663, 664, 675, 682, 685
- North Africa, 3, 11
- Portuguese Africa, 753
- Six-Day War, 262
- Somalia, relations with, 485, 502, 505, 506, 509, 519, 551, 552, 600, 603-604
- South Africa’s apartheid policy, 994
- Subversive activity in Africa, 382-383, 404-405
- Spain, 5, 182
- Spanish Sahara, 4, 5, 182, 199-200
- Special Group, 495, 720-721, 738-739
- Special Group (Counterinsurgency), 279n
- Special National Intelligence Estimates (see also National Intelligence Estimates):
- Spicer, R. Peter, 188, 191n, 201n, 206, 248
- Spiers, Ronald I., 908
- Springsteen, George S., Jr., 785n, 809n, 812n, 813n, 819n, 943n
- Starkey, Joseph F., 813n
- Steigman, Andrew L., 553n, 597n
- Stephan, Ralph W., 1059n
- Stephenson, Amb., 969, 977
- Stern, Thomas, 84n
- Sterner, Michael, 175n
- Stevens, John, 842
- Stevenson, Adlai E., 795n, 966, 1000, 1001
- Stewart, Sir Michael, 113, 788, 803, 813, 822-824, 841, 874, 902n, 908, 912-913, 918, 922
- Stoessel, Walter J., Jr., 759n, 767n, 904
- Stoltzfus, William A., Jr., 26n, 29n, 43n
- Stookey, Robert N., 502n
- Stout, Charles R., 504n
- Straus, Peter, 215n, 264n, 384
- Strengthened African Program, 298-303, 305, 308-315, 318-319
- Strong, Curtis C., 97n, 318n, 553n, 556n, 743n
- Sub-Saharan Africa. See Regional policy regarding Sub-Saharan Africa.
- Sudan, 32, 286, 491, 496-497
- Suddarth, Roscoe S., 136
- Sunay, 261
- Swaziland, 329, 701-702
- Symington, 196
- Symington, James W., 596
- Symmes, Harrison M., 74n, 181n
- Talbot, Phillips, 34
- Tanzania (Tanganyika), 275, 277, 329, 374, 496, 699, 743-745, 867
- Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 304, 374, 798-799, 800-801
- Tasca, Henry J., 18n, 26n, 28, 29n, 71n, 84n, 87n, 90n, 93n, 97n, 100n, 154n, 166, 184n, 187, 196, 219n, 484n, 487n, 491n, 492n, 494n, 497n, 499n, 502n, 504n, 507n, 511n, 515n, 518n, 520n, 745n
- Tashoma Haile-Mariam, 532, 546, 580
- Task Force on the Review of African Development Policies and Programs, 326, 331-333, 334-349
- Taswell, Harold L. T., 1024, 1039, 1056-1057, 1059-1060, 1076, 1077, 1079, 1086, 1099-1100, 1106, 1108n
- Taylor, Frank D., 1022n
- Taylor, Gen. Maxwell D., 979-981, 989-991
- Taylor, Adm. R. L., 704, 779
- Taylor, Rufus, 572n, 698n, 941, 1077n
- Taylor, Rush W., 1097n
- Tedla Bairu, 575
- Telecommunications system for Africa, proposed, 304
- Telli, Diallo, 391, 398, 656
- Tempelsman, Maurice, 387
- Thant, U, 209, 490, 685
- Thiam, Doudou, 358
- Thirkeild, Ben, 451n
- Thompson, Herbert B., 263n, 849n
- Thompson, Llewellyn E., 495, 514, 542n, 553n, 1040
- Thurston, Raymond L., 496, 542n, 581-584, 586n, 588, 590-591, 596, 597n, 601
- Tienken, Arthur T., 781n
- Tito, Marshal, 430
- Todman, Terence A., 451
- Toon, Malcolm, 542n
- Torbert, Horace G., 488n, 490n, 491n, 494n, 498n, 530n
- Touba, Pauline, 776
- Toumayan, Alec G., 161, 177, 206, 212, 358, 564
- Toure, Sekou, 30, 283, 330
- Towsey, Kenneth, 796
- Tran Van Do, 391
- Trend, Sir Burke, 417, 872, 873, 874, 909
- Tresidder, Argus, 1031n
- Trimble, William C., 29n, 114n, 123n, 124n, 142, 177, 181n, 188, 230-231, 232n, 234n, 236, 254n, 413-416, 451n, 455n, 556n, 560n, 589n, 615, 618n, 625n, 632n, 633n, 634n, 636n, 640n, 641n, 649n, 650n, 652n, 751n, 765n, 812n, 943n, 1068n
- Trivers, Howard, 500n
- Tron, Rene A., 9n, 50n, 124n
- Trued, Melvyn, 842
- Trueheart, William C., 774, 781n
- Tsafendakis, Demetrios, 1058-1059
- Tshombe, Moise, 291, 292, 306, 444, 445, 746
- Tubman, William, 391-392
- Tuhadeleni, Eliaser, 1091
- Tully, Andrew, 423
- Tunisia (see also
North Africa), 1, 2, 9
- African nations, relations with, 219, 222
- Algerian coup of 1965, 42-43
- Arab League agenda, rejection of, 230-231, 273
- Bourguiba’s U.S. visit, 242-243, 244, 257-260, 265-271
- Civic action program, 240
- Economic situation, 219
- France, relations with, 219-220, 221, 225, 244
- Humphrey’s visit, 267, 402-404
- Israel, policy toward, 223n, 227, 230-231, 266
- Johnson’s correspondence with Bourguiba, 259-260, 263-264
- Johnson’s meetings with Bourguiba, 265-271
- Johnson’s meetings with Bourguiba, Jr., 227-229
- Komer’s meetings with Bourguiba, Jr., 220-223
- Libya, relations with, 222-223, 234-235
- Military situation, 14
- Morocco, relations with, 221
- Mutual defense arrangement with U.S., proposed, 3-4
- Nasser’s military threat, 234n, 238
- Political situation, 14
- Rusk’s meetings with Bourguiba Jr., 236-241, 260-263
- Rusk’s meetings with Driss, 243-244, 248-249, 257-259
- Six-Day War and, 260-263
- Territorial claims, 4
- Turkey as source of military equipment, 261, 268, 270
- U.S. development assistance, 5, 220-221, 223-230, 241-243, 266-267, 271-272
- U.S. military assistance, 229, 231-233, 235-241, 244, 245-254, 255-257, 261, 264-265, 272-273
- U.S. security guarantee, proposed, 254-255, 257n, 266, 267, 273
- Vietnam war, policy re, 267
- Turkey, 136-137, 261, 268, 270
- Tyler, William R., 417, 720n, 721n, 748-750, 788
- Uganda, 275, 277, 328, 374
- Underhill, Francis T., 834n
- United Arab Republic (UAR) (see also Six-Day War), 13, 34, 116, 124, 528
- United Kingdom (see also
Rhodesian government, international campaign against;
Rhodesian unilateral independence issue):
- Action Program on African Development Policies and Programs, attitude toward, 362
- Decreasing involvement in Africa, 345-346, 349
- East African military presence, 277
- Ethiopia, 574, 580
- Ghana, 417-418, 447, 466-467
- Libya, 72, 83, 105, 113, 114-119, 121-123, 141
- Nigerian civil war, 657, 659-660, 663, 685
- Nigerian political crisis, 628-629, 640-641, 651-652, 656
- South Africa, 695, 993
- South West Africa, 997, 1022-1024, 1033, 1035-1036
- Zanzibar, 276, 277
- United Nations (see also
South West Africa):
- Nuclear free zone issue, 315-317
- Portuguese Africa, 759-764, 769
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against, 695, 843n, 846-847, 865, 866-867, 879-880, 901-902, 931, 949-953, 958, 959
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue, 794-795, 818, 825, 843n
- South Africa, 691-692, 986-988, 992n, 993-994, 1044
- United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), 338-339, 367, 397
- United States Information Agency (USIA), 301, 310, 312, 319, 703
- Usher, Arsene, 358
- Valdes, Philip H., 18n, 149n
- Valenti, Jack, 871, 874
- Van Oss, Hendrik, 451n
- Vance, Cyrus R., 88-89, 279n, 316, 738, 863, 942, 978, 1070, 1071
- Verwoerd, Henrik F., 902, 975-977, 995-996, 1031n, 1042, 1058-1059
- Videira, Alphonse, 776
- Vietnam war, 27, 46-47, 182, 267, 359, 448-449, 476, 481
- Voice of America, 195, 198, 301
- “Voice of the Arabs” radio, 81
- Volta River project. See under Ghana.
- Vorster, B. J., 921n, 923, 1064
- Wachuku, Agnes, 610-611, 983
- Walker, Angus, 803, 839
- Walker, Peter C., 523n, 529, 542n, 544n, 574n, 575n
- Walsh, John P., 191n, 549n, 859n, 890n, 919n, 920n
- Ward, Barbara, 856
- Warren, George L., 74n, 84n, 92n, 93n, 100n, 232n, 234n, 488n, 504n, 516n, 544n, 754n, 765n, 767n, 995n
- Watson, Duncan, 903
- Webb, James E., 1045, 1046-1047
- Wellman, Harvey R., 908n
- Wells, H. Bartlett, 495, 514
- West African Economic Community, 472
- Westerfield, Samuel Z., 745n
- Wey, Commodore, 627-628, 632, 639
- Wheeler, Gen. Earle G., 175, 205-206, 286-288, 316-317, 1109
- Wheelus Air Base:
- Closure issue, 69, 70
- Defense Department position, 88-89, 103-104
- Harriman’s assessment of situation, 80-81
- Idris’s position, 105-107
- Israel-related concerns of Libyans, 123-125, 139
- Libyan Air Force and, 79, 131-132, 139-140
- Libyanization program, 92-93, 99
- Libya’s public statements on termination of U.S. rights, 71
- Negotiations re, 85-87, 104, 130-131, 134n, 138-140
- Relocation of military functions, contingency planning for, 143-144
- Six-Day War, crisis related to, 125-128
- Strategic value to U.S., 77-80
- Tunisia’s security and, 237
- U.S. action program re, 74, 83-84
- U.S. discussions with Idris re, 87-88, 93-95, 105-107
- U.S.-Libyan relations and, 74-76
- U.S. withdrawal issue, 95-101, 128-131
- White, Lee C., 288-289
- Wichser, Mary J., 861n
- Wilkins, Roy, 288-289, 295n, 296
- Williams, Franklin H., 455n, 456-457, 466, 478, 479-481, 634n
- Williams, G. Mennen, 16n, 29n, 30n, 43n, 149n, 154n, 167n, 169n,
173n, 175n, 219n, 220n, 223n, 224n, 225n,
279n, 288n, 419n, 424, 428n, 432, 458n,
488n, 516n, 717n, 722n, 762n, 792n, 795n,
834n, 837n, 844n, 851n, 861n, 881n, 883n,
895n, 966n, 1019n, 1021n, 1022n, 1044n
- Algeria, 34, 46, 50, 51
- Ethiopia, 521, 527, 531-532, 533-536
- Ethiopia-Somalia dispute, 490-491, 496-497, 501-502, 523, 530
- Ghana, 411, 413, 441-442, 450-452
- Libya, 69-70, 101, 108-109
- Morocco, 160, 163-165, 174, 175
- Portuguese Africa, 720, 721n, 729-732, 745, 747, 770-771
- Rhodesia, 795n, 797-798, 799-800
- Somalia, 529-530
- South Africa, 971, 993, 1037, 1040-1041, 1045
- Strengthened African Program, 298, 301, 305, 308-309, 310, 312, 318-319
- Tanzania-Zambia railroad, 799
- Wheelus Air Base, 69, 70, 80-81
- Williamson, Larry C., 927n
- Wilson, Harold, 121, 480, 611, 661, 663, 669
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against:
- Commonwealth Conferences re, 886, 887-888, 893, 895, 914-916
- Economic sanctions, 850, 874, 886-888, 908-909, 914, 915, 929n
- Famine relief, 888-889
- “Fearless” proposals, 958, 960
- Johnson’s correspondence with Wilson, 849-851, 859-860, 886-889, 890-891, 893-895, 903, 905-906, 914-916, 919-921, 923-924, 927-929, 955-956
- Johnson’s meetings with Wilson, 870-874, 910-911
- Oil embargo, 850, 872
- Peace terms issue, 887, 895
- U.K. military presence in Zambia, 849-851, 894
- U.K.-Rhodesia negotiations, 877, 902n, 903, 905-906, 911n, 923-924, 927-929, 955-956
- U.S.-U.K. discussions, 908-909
- Wilson’s meeting with Kaunda, 891, 894
- Zambia, U.S.-U.K. assistance for, 872, 873
- Zambia-Rhodesia border closing, 891, 894
- Rhodesian unilateral independence issue:
- Rhodesian government, international campaign against:
- Wina, Arthur, 790
- Witman, William, 240, 358, 706-707, 712
- Witt, William H., 1031n
- Wolf, Joseph J., 123n, 132n, 560n, 574n, 575n, 1081
- Wood, Gen., 510n
- Woods, George, 321, 332, 350-351, 353, 361-362, 439
- World Bank, 866
- World Youth Festival, 39
- Wright, Ken, 747
- Wright, M. A., 109
- Wright, Oliver, 874, 903
- Yaker, Layachi, 50n, 64-67
- Yarmolinsky, 315
- Yates, Capt., 1069
- Yifru, Ketema, 358, 544n, 546-547
- Yost, Robert L., 315, 760
- Zablocki, Clement, 414
- Zambia (see also Rhodesian government, international campaign against), 285, 286, 374, 699, 701-702, 778
- Zantuti, Brig., 138
- Zanzibar (see also Tanzania), 276-277, 374, 610-611
- Z’Biri, Col., 62
- Zook, Ben M., 500n
- Zulu, A. G., 882n
- Zwick, Charles J., 272, 482