Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Volume XXIV, Africa
Africa: Document List
Document 1: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, May 5, 1966.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Department of State, Defense, and the NSA.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on May 5, except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained on the grounds that the subject was outside their jurisdiction. A table of contents is not printed.
Document 2: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 318, February 8. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. The source text is attached as Tab C to a transmittal memorandum from Department of State Executive Secretary Benjamin Read to Rusk, undated but drafted on February 7. The memorandum notes that Tab C is the discussion paper, which Rusk had already seen, prepared for the NSC meeting on North Africa scheduled for February 8.
Document 3: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 318, February 8. Secret. Attached to a February 6 memorandum from Palmer to Rusk, and both are Tab B to Read’s February 7 memorandum (see footnote 1, Document 2). No drafting information appears on the source text, but Read’s memorandum indicates that the paper was drafted by Officer in Charge of Algerian Affairs Rene Tron and cleared by Palmer, J. Stapleton Roy in EUR/SOV, Francis R. Campbell in EUR/SPP, and Richard W. Aherne in EUR/FBX.
Document 4: Notes on the Meeting of the National Security Council
Washington, February 8, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Meetings, Vol. 4, Tab 50, 2/8/67, North Africa. Secret. A handwritten note on the source text indicates that the notes were drafted by Harold H. Saunders of the NSC Staff.
Document 5: Intelligence Note Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, August 3, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 27 ARAB–ISR. Secret; No Foreign Dissem; Controlled Dissem. Transmitted in a memorandum from Hughes to Rusk.
Document 6: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, January 10, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. I, 12/63–7/65. Secret. Prepared by Robert W. Komer on January 15. Copies were sent to Ralph Dungan, McGeorge Bundy, G. Mennen Williams, and David Newsom.
Document 7: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, January 13, 1964, 8:52 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–8 ALG. Confidential. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Valdes of SOV, Dean of FE, Follestad of ARA, and McCloskey of P; and approved and initialed by Tasca. Repeated to Paris and pouched to Rabat and Tunis.
Document 8: Action Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Fredericks) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball) and the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, May 14, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 ALG–US. Secret. Drafted by Newsom and cleared by Jones in NE, Kleine in AID, Imhof in EUR, and Fine in AFP.
Document 9: Telegram From the Embassy in Algeria to the Department of State
Algiers, May 28, 1964, 7 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. I, 12/63–7/65. Confidential; Priority. Repeated to Paris and Moscow.
Document 10: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, June 17, 1964, 5:36 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 ALG–US. Secret. Drafted by Stoltzfus in AFN, cleared by Blake, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Paris.
Document 11: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, June 23, 1964, 5:04 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 ALG–US. Secret. Drafted by Blake on June 22; cleared by Tasca, Harriman, and Hughes; and approved and initialed by Secretary Rusk.
Document 12: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Guinea
Washington, October 23, 1964, 6:57 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ALG–US. Confidential. Drafted by Stoltzfus, cleared by Newsom and Pelletreau, and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Algiers.
Document 13: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, November 19, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos, Vol. I (2). Secret. Prepared by Robert W. Komer. Copies were sent to Williams and Newsom.
Document 14: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, December 5, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Algeria, December 1963–March 1966. Secret.
Document 15: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 23, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Algeria, December 1963–March 1966. Secret.
Document 16: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, December 23, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, National Intelligence Estimates, 1962, Algeria. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Defense, and NSA.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in this estimate on December 23, except the Atomic Energy Commission Representative and the Assistant to the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, who abstained on the grounds that the subject was outside their jurisdiction.
Document 17: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Johnson
Washington, January 5, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 8. Secret.
Document 18: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, January 8, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Algeria, December 1963–March 1966. Confidential.
Document 19: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, May 15, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos, Vol. I (2). Secret.
Document 20: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, June 14, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Algeria, December 1963–March 1966, Economic. Secret.
Document 21: Intelligence Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, June 19, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/65. Secret.
Document 22: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, June 23, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos, Vol. I (2). Secret.
Document 23: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, June 23, 1965, 9:43 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 ALG. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Stoltzfus and Blake; cleared by White of S/AH, Fine of AFP, Phillips of P, Manhard of FE, Nelson of AID, Kearney of L, and Williams; and approved and initialed by both Rusk and Ball. Also sent to Rabat, Tunis, Addis Ababa, Tripoli, Paris, and London, and repeated to Cairo, Saigon, Seoul, Kuala Lumpur, Tokyo, Manila, Bangkok, and Djakarta.
Document 24: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, July 26, 1965, 6 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/65. Secret.
Document 25: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, July 27, 1965.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 70 D 217, Presidential Memoranda of Conversation, 1965, July-December. Confidential. Drafted by Williams and approved by Komer in the White House on July 30.
Document 26: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, September 13, 1965, 6 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos, Vol. II (2). Confidential.
Document 27: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Algeria
Washington, December 23, 1965, 7 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ALG–US. Secret. Drafted by Root and Tron of AFN, cleared by Nelson of AID, and approved by Williams.
Document 28: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, January 17, 1966, noon.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–11/68. Secret.
Document 29: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, January 26, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Algeria, December 1963–March 1966. Confidential. Prepared by Komer.
Document 30: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, November 17, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Saunders Memos. Secret.
Document 31: Memorandum by Ambassador at Large W. Averell Harriman
Washington, December 12, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–11/68. Secret. Attached to a December 20 memorandum from Secretary Rusk to the President.
Document 32: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, December 22, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–11/68. Secret.
Document 33: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, February 7, 1967, 10:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/67. Secret.
Document 34: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, February 13, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 21. Confidential.
Document 35: Editorial Note
Document 36: Memorandum From John Foster and Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, December 15, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Algeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–11/68. Secret.
Document 37: Memorandum From the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hughes) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, June 12, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23 ALG. Secret; No Foreign Dissem; Controlled Dissem.
Document 38: Memorandum of Conversation
Algiers, July 15, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ALG–US. Confidential. Drafted by Root and Galanto on July 31. The meeting was held at the Algerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Document 39: Information Memorandum From the Country Director of the Office of Northern Africa Affairs (Root) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Moore)
Washington, October 3, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 ALG. Secret; Exdis. Drafted by Hume A. Horan in AF/N.
Document 40: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, February 4, 1964, 7:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 17 LIBYA–US. Secret. Drafted by McClanahan; cleared by Newsom, Ellis in AID, and Colonel Heffner in DOD; and approved by Williams. Repeated to CINCEUR and pouched to London.
Document 41: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy Office in Baida, Libya
Washington, March 8, 1964, 5:34 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Bronez in DOD, Harriman, and McGeorge Bundy; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Tripoli. Due to the distribution of Libyan Ministries between Baida and Tripoli, the Ambassador maintained residences at both locations.
Document 42: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, March 10, 1964.
Document 43: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) and Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, March 17, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. I, 11/63–6/64. Secret.
Document 44: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, March 17, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. I, 11/63–6/64. Secret.
Document 45: National Security Action Memorandum No. 291
Washington, March 20, 1964.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 291. Secret. Copies were sent to AID Administrator David E. Bell and Director of Central Intelligence John A. McCone.
Document 46: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, March 20, 1964, 7:33 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–4 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Hinman of AID, George L. Warren of G/PM, NE Deputy Director Harrison M. Symmes, and Bronez; and approved by Fredericks. Also sent to the Embassy Office in Baida and repeated to Cairo, London, and USCINCEUR.
Document 47: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, March 23, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Confidential.
Document 48: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, March 25, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1964. Secret.
Document 49: Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Plans, Central Intelligence Agency (Helms) to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, April 1, 1964.
Document 50: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, April 3, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of McGeorge Bundy, Memoranda of Meetings with the President, Vol. I. Confidential. Drafted by William H. Brubeck of the NSC Staff. The meeting was held at the White House.
Document 51: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, April 11, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. I. Secret.
Document 52: Paper Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, undated [ca. April 20, 1964].
Document 53: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, April 23, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSAMs, NSAM 291, Libya Base Rights. Secret.
Document 54: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, April 24, 1964, 5:38 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–4 LIBYA–US. Confidential. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Bronez, Tasca, Assistant Legal Adviser for African Affairs Charles Runyon III, Special Assistant to the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Administration Thomas Stern, and Warren; and approved by Harriman. Also sent to Baida and repeated to London, CINCUSAFE, and CINCEUR.
Document 55: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, May 1, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. I, 11/63–6/64. Secret.
Document 56: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, May 15, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1964. Secret.
Document 57: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy Office in Baida, Libya
Washington, May 21, 1964, 7:55 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 LIBYA. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by McClanahan; cleared by Bronez, Hancock of USAF, Sol Polansky of SOV, and Tasca; and approved by Harriman. Repeated to London, Tripoli, Benghazi, USCINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 58: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Vance) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, May 27, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret.
Document 59: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, June 11, 1964, 7:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–4 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Blake; cleared by Bronez, Howard Myers in G/PM, Jones in NE, Tasca, Judd in BNA, Newsom, Hinman and Hirschburg in AID, and Runyon; and approved by Harriman. Also sent to Baida and repeated to London, Cairo, Addis Ababa, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 60: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, July 2, 1964, 7:13 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–4 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Newsom and Blake; cleared by Warren, Runyon, Frazier Meade of BNA, Hilbert of AIR, Eric E. Oulashin, and Bronez and Heffner of DOD/ISA; and approved by Newsom. Also sent to Baida and repeated to London for Lewis Jones, to Benghazi, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 61: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy Office in Baida, Libya
Washington, July 20, 1964, 9 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–4 LIBYA–US. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Blake; cleared by Warren, Runyon, Harriman, Judd, Tasca, Bronez, Lang in DOD, and Jones in NE; and approved by Newsom. Also sent to Tripoli and Cairo, and repeated to London, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 62: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, July 30, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Secret.
Document 63: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, August 8, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Secret.
Document 64: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy Office in Baida, Libya
Washington, August 8, 1964, 11:25 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–4 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Bronez, Strong in NEA, and with BNA and CIA; and approved by Tasca. Also sent to Tripoli, Cairo, and London, and repeated to Benghazi, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 65: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, August 12, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Secret.
Document 66: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, October 15, 1964, 5:35 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Lee of USIA, Hilbert of Air Force, Chapin in M, Warren, and Bronez; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to London, CINCUSAFE for General Disoway, and to CINCEUR.
Document 67: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, November 10, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Secret. Copies were sent to Harriman, Rostow, Bundy, Hutchinson, and Polk.
Document 68: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, December 9, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1964. Secret.
Document 69: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, March 19, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1965–March 1966. Secret.
Document 70: Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State
Tripoli, March 30, 1965, 11 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Repeated to London, USAFE, USCINCEUR, Baida, and Benghazi.
Document 71: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, April 22, 1965.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet: “The following intelligence organizations participated in the preparation of this estimate: The Central Intelligence Agency and the intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Defense, and the NSA.” All members of the U.S. Intelligence Board concurred in the estimate except for the AEC representative and the Assistant to the Director of the FBI, who abstained because the subject was outside of their jurisdiction.
Document 72: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Ambassador at Large (Harriman)
Washington, June 25, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) LIBYA. Confidential. Drafted by McClanahan.
Document 73: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, August 31, 1965, 6 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1965–March 1966. Secret.
Document 74: Letter From President Johnson to King Idris
Washington, September 1, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 LIBYA. Secret. Circular airgram CA–2580, September 2, transmitted the text of the letter to the Embassy in Tripoli with instructions that it be delivered at an appropriate moment as soon as possible after the presentation of Ambassador Newsom’s credentials. (Ibid., POL 15–1 US/Johnson) David D. Newsom, who replaced Ambassador Lightner, presented his credentials on October 16. He presented the letter to King Idris on November 8.
Document 75: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, November 19, 1965, 7:45 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Secret.
Document 76: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, January 27, 1966, 1 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1965–March 1966. Secret. Drafted by Assistant Secretary for European Affairs John M. Leddy and approved in S on February 18. The source text is labeled “Part II of IV.” The conversation was held during a luncheon in the Madison Room at the Department of State.
Document 77: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, February 25, 1966, 6:18 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 1–1 LIBYA. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Campbell in AF/AFN; cleared by Root, Lang, Meyers, and Judd; and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Tripoli and Monrovia for Kitchen.
Document 78: Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State
London, March 9, 1966, 1835Z.Beginning in Spring 1965, the dates and transmission times of all incoming Department of State telegrams were in 6-figure date-time-groups. The “Z” refers to Greenwich mean time.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 1–1 LIBYA. Secret; Limdis. Repeated to DOD, Tripoli, CINCSTRIKE, and EUCOM.
Document 79: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Acting Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer)
Washington, March 15, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Libya, 1965–March 1966. Secret.
Document 80: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Palmer) to the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Mann)
Washington, April 25, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 LIBYA. Confidential. Drafted by Campbell.
Document 81: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, August 26, 1966, 6:13 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–UK. Secret. Drafted by Campbell, cleared by Looram in AF and Shullaw in EUR/PMI, and approved by Kitchen. Also sent to Tripoli and repeated to Baida.
Document 82: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, January 11, 1967, 3:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–UK. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Campbell, cleared by Judd and Major Pinckney in G/PM, and approved by Root. Repeated to London, Baida, and Benghazi.
Document 83: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, June 2, 1967, 5:54 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Newsom; cleared by Hilbert of USAF, Wolf in G/PM, Root, Bergus in NEA/UAR, Colonel Kennedy in DOD/ISA, Neuman in L/AF, and the NE Task Force; and approved by Trimble. Also sent to Baida and repeated to Benghazi, Cairo, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 84: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, June 7, 1967, 6:19 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Tron and Root, cleared by Cooper in S/AH and Bader in DOD/ISA, and approved by Trimble.
Document 85: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, June 13, 1967, 4:44 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Root and Campbell of AFN; cleared by Kitchen, Lang of DOD/ISA, General Sibley of the Joint Staff, General Martin of USAF, Neuman, Judd, and NEA Deputy Assistant Secretary Rodger P. Davies; and approved by Palmer. Repeated to USCINCEUR and CINCUSAFE.
Document 86: Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State
Tripoli, June 15, 1967, 1500Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Flash. Repeated to London, CINCUSAFE, and CINCEUR and passed to the White House, DOD, CIA, USIA, NSA, COMAC, CINCSTRIKE, and USUN.
Document 87: Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State
Tripoli, June 16, 1967, 0905Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Flash. Repeated to London, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE and passed to the White House, CIA, USIA, DOD, NSA, COMAC for POLAD, CINCSTRIKE, and USUN.
Document 88: Telegram From the Embassy in Libya to the Department of State
Tripoli, June 22, 1967, 0945Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Repeated to CINCEUR, CINCUSAFE, and London and passed to the White House, DOD, CIA, USIA, NSA, COMAC, CINCSTRIKE, and USUN.
Document 89: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, June 30, 1967, 3:58 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Campbell on June 29; cleared by Eugene V. Rostow, Jones in AF, Root, Neuman, Wolf, Judd, Kohler, General Sibley of JCS, Bronez and Bader in DOD/ISA, and Hilbert; and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 90: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Libya
Washington, July 16, 1967, 3:02 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 LIBYA–US. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Root, cleared by Colonel Kennedy in DOD/ISA, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 91: Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the Special Committee of the National Security Council (Bundy) to the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach)
Washington, July 28, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL LIBYA–US. Secret.
Document 92: Memorandum of Conversation
Tobruk, Libya, August 30, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL LIBYA–US. Secret. Drafted by Suddarth on September 6. The conversation was held at the Royal Palace (Bab Zaytun). The source text is enclosure 1 of airgram A–61 from Tripoli, September 7. (Ibid.)
Document 93: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 17, 1967, 10 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 LIBYA. Confidential. Drafted by Sacksteder and approved in S on October 18. The conversation was held in the Secretary’s office at the Department of State.
Document 94: Memorandum From the Director for Plans and Policy, Joint Staff (Johnson) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Hoopes)
Washington, November 14, 1967.
Source: Department of Defense, JCS Files, 842/365 (28 Aug. 67) IR 2543 Sec. 1. Secret.
Document 95: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, March 28, 1968, 10:45 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Vol. II, 7/64–12/68. Confidential.
Document 96: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, April 11, 1968, 4:35 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Proposed Visit of PM Bakkush, 9/25–26/68. Confidential.
Document 97: Editorial Note
Document 98: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, September 4, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Libya, Proposed Visit of PM Bakkush, 9/25–26/68. Confidential.
Document 99: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, January 4, 1964, 4:49 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–MOR. Secret. Drafted by Newsom in AF/AFN; cleared by Colonel Heffner in OSD/ISA, Hinman in AID, Beigel in EUR/WE, Valdes in EUR/SOV, and Kitchen; and approved by Williams. Repeated to London, Madrid, Paris, Algiers, and by pouch to Moscow.
Document 100: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, January 24, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15–10 MOR–US. Secret. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Moroccan Affairs Stephen H. McClintic. The source text was transmitted to McGeorge Bundy on February 4 under cover of a memorandum from Benjamin Read which reads: “Transmitted herewith is a final report under NSAM 232 of the action taken with respect to U.S. bases in Morocco agreed upon between King Hassan II and President Kennedy last March.” For text of NSAM No. 232, April 5, 1963, see Foreign Relations, 1961–1963, vol. XXI, pp. 231–232.
Document 101: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, February 12, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Morocco, December 1963–March 1966. Secret.
Document 102: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, March 27, 1964, 6:35 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) 15 MOR. Confidential. Drafted by McClintic in AF/AFN; cleared by Blake in AFN, Burati in AID, and Reed in E/ISM; and approved by Tasca.
Document 103: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, May 19, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Heads of State Correspondence File, Morocco—King Hassan Correspondence. Secret.
Document 104: Letter From President Johnson to King Hassan
Washington, May 20, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Heads of State Correspondence File, Morocco—King Hassan Correspondence. Secret.
Document 105: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, September 4, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Morocco, December 1963–March 1966. Confidential.
Document 106: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, October 6, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/67. Secret. Prepared by Komer.
Document 107: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, October 8, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Komer Files, Morocco, December 1964–March 1966. Confidential. Copies were sent to Harriman and Hutchinson.
Document 108: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 16, 1964, 3 p.m.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 65 D 330, October 1964. Confidential. Drafted by Toumayan and Chase. The conversation was held in Under Secretary Ball’s office.
Document 109: Action Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Tasca) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, November 6, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) MOR. Secret. Drafted by Blake.
Document 110: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, January 15, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–MOR. Secret. Drafted by Newsom and sent through Bell and Harriman. Concurred in by Lang (DOD), Kleine (AID), Barbour (WE), and Moses (G/PM).
Document 111: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, January 18, 1965, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL MOR–US. Secret. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Moroccan Affairs Robert W. Chase on January 28 and approved in S on February 12. The meeting was held in Secretary Rusk’s office at the Department of State.
Document 112: Memorandum From the Ambassador at Large (Harriman) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, January 21, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/67. Secret; No Distribution. Copies were sent to McGeorge Bundy and Assistant Secretary Williams.
Document 113: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, January 26, 1965, 7:16 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Chase in AF/AFN and Kling in AF/AFI, cleared by Hinman and Nelson in AID/AFR, and approved by Blake in AF/AFN.
Document 114: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, January 28, 1965, 12:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–MOR. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Chase and Blake; cleared by Williams, Barbour in EUR/WE, Sisco, Lang in DOD/ISA, Hutchinson in AID, Moses in G/PM, and Komer; and approved by Ball. Repeated to Rabat, Paris, Algiers, and Madrid.
Document 115: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, January 29, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Morocco, December 1963–March 1966. Secret.
Document 116: Memorandum From the Ambassador at Large (Harriman) to Acting Secretary of State Ball
Washington, February 13, 1965.
Source: Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Harriman Papers, Kennedy-Johnson Administrations, Subject Files, Ball, George W. Secret. Drafted by Komer and Assistant Secretary Williams.
Document 117: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Lang) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, April 16, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–MOR. Secret.
Document 118: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Solbert) to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (Wheeler)
Washington, May 10, 1965.
Source: Department of Defense, JCS Files, 9118.3 (25 Jan. 65). Secret.
Document 119: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, June 12, 1965, 3:50 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 17 MOR–US. Confidential. Drafted by Chase, cleared by Barbour and Williams in EUR/WE and Sterner in NEA/NE, and approved by Newsom. Repeated to Algiers, Bonn, and Paris and pouched to Cairo and Tunis.
Document 120: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, December 18, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) 8 MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Trimble, Chase, and Toumayan and approved in S on January 10, 1966. The source text is labeled “Part IV of VIII.” The conversation was held in the Secretary’s Dining Room.
Document 121: Editorial Note
Document 122: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, February 12, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Chase on February 11 and cleared by Barbour.
Document 123: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, February 16, 1966, 4:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Chase; cleared by Root in AF/AFN, Beigel, Roberts in FE/VN, Burati in AID/AFR/NS, Symmes in NEA/NE, and Komer; and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Madrid, Paris, Algiers, Nouakchott, Tripoli, Tunis, Cairo, and by pouch to Saigon.
Document 124: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, July 19, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/67. Secret.
Document 125: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, July 30, 1966, 11 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/67. Confidential.
Document 126: Letter From President Johnson to King Hassan
Washington, August 12, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 MOR. Limited Official Use. Telegram 28094 to Rabat, August 15, transmitted the text of the President’s letter to the Embassy with instructions that it be delivered to King Hassan. (Ibid.)
Document 127: Paper Prepared by the Ambassador at Large (Harriman)
Washington, undated.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 US/HARRIMAN. Secret. This paper is part of a larger “Report of Post-Manila Trip,” dated November 22, transmitted by Harriman to the President and Rusk on November 28, following his trip to 10 countries in Asia, Europe, and Africa after the Manila Conference. It included a general report and separate reports on each country he visited. Harriman’s conversation with the King on November 9 was recorded in a memorandum of conversation which is ibid.
Document 128: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, January 25, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–MOR. Confidential; Limdis. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Moroccan Affairs R. Peter Spicer and Porson and approved in S on February 9. The source text is labeled “Part II of II.”
Document 129: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, January 30, 1967, 6:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–MOR. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Spicer and Deputy Executive Secretary John P. Walsh, cleared by Katzenbach and Saunders, and approved by Kohler. Repeated to Monrovia for Palmer.
Document 130: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, February 7, 1967, 10:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 20. Secret.
Document 131: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, February 8, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Visit of King Hassan, 2/9–10/67. Secret.
Document 132: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, February 9, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–7/67. Secret. The source text is labeled “Part II of V.” The conversation was held at the White House. Memoranda of conversation of President Johnson’s discussion of other topics with King Hassan on February 9 are ibid.
Document 133: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, February 13, 1967, 5:23 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 MOR. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Root on February 11, cleared by Landau in EUR/SPP and Saunders, and approved by Palmer. Also sent to Algiers, Madrid, Paris, and Tunis and repeated by pouch to Cairo, London, and Tripoli.
Document 134: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, February 27, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 21. Confidential.
Document 135: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, May 30, 1967, 12:32 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–MOR. Secret. Drafted by Bader in DOD/ISA and Spicer; cleared by Commander Peters in JS/SAMAA, Legner in DA/DCSLOG, McCall in AFR/NA, Shaw in PC/MAD, Colonel Hazam in OSD/I and L, Gardner of Treasury, Forman in OSD/GC, Rabida in G/PM, Allen in INR/RAF, Feigl in ISA/ILN, Goldstein in ODMA, Malmborg in L/E, Runyon in L/AF, and Nilsen in L/T; and approved by Root. Also sent to CHMUSLO Rabat and repeated to USCINCEUR.
Document 136: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, June 17, 1967, 3:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–MOR. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Root and Palmer on June 16; cleared by Kitchen, Hoopes, Saunders, and Bundy; and approved by Eugene V. Rostow.
Document 137: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, June 21, 1967.
Source: Department of Defense, JCS Files, 9118.3 (17 Nov. 1966). Secret. The source text is attached as an Appendix to a “Note by the Secretaries to the Joint Chiefs of Staff on Arms Policy for Morocco” (JCS 2409/6).
Document 138: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, June 29, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL MOR–US. Confidential. Drafted by Toumayan and Spicer on July 10.
Document 139: Telegram From the Embassy in Morocco to the Department of State
Rabat, August 5, 1967, 0859Z.Beginning in Spring 1965, the dates and transmission times of all incoming Department of State telegrams were in 6-figure date-time-groups. The “Z” refers to Greenwich mean time.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 MOR–US. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Repeated to DOD, USCINCEUR, and CINCUSNAVEUR.
Document 140: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 26, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–MOR. Confidential. Drafted by Lloyd in AF/AFN on October 31.
Document 141: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, November 22, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Morocco, Visit of King Hassan, 2/9–10/67. Confidential.
Document 142: Telegram From the Embassy in Morocco to the Department of State
Rabat, February 3, 1968, 1258Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–MOR. Secret; Priority.
Document 143: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Morocco
Washington, March 1, 1968, 2359Z.Beginning in late 1967, the dates and transmission times of all outgoing Department of State telegrams were in 6-figure date-time-groups. The “Z” refers to Greenwich mean time.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) MOR. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by McCall in AID/AFR/NA and Root, cleared by Claus W. Ruser in U/SIG and Straus in AID/AA/AFR, and approved by Palmer.
Document 144: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, June 5, 1968, 4:50 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 80. Secret.
Document 145: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, November 25, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Secret. Prepared by Robert W. Komer. Copies were sent to Assistant Secretary Williams, Tasca, and Hutchinson.
Document 146: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, December 21, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscelleanous, 12/63–9/68. Secret. Prepared by Komer. Copies were sent to Harriman, McGeorge Bundy, Williams, and Newsom.
Document 147: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Deputy Administrator of the Agency for International Development (Gaud)
Washington, March 25, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Tunisia, December 1963–March 1966. Secret. Also sent to Hutchinson and Williams.
Document 148: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, April 14, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Tunisia, December 1963–March 1966. Confidential. Prepared by Komer. Copies were sent to Williams and Hutchinson.
Document 149: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, April 27, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 TUN. Secret. Drafted by Charles J. Nelson, Director of the Office of Mediterranean Affairs in AID’s Bureau for Africa, on April 24. The source text was attached to an April 27 briefing memorandum Williams sent to Rusk prior to Rusk’s meeting with Foreign Minister Habib Bourguiba, Jr. on April 28. The memorandum of conversation of their meeting is ibid., POL TUN–US.
Document 150: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Johnson
Washington, April 29, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, December 1963–September 1968. Confidential.
Document 151: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, April 29, 1965, noon.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, December 1963–September 1968. Confidential. Drafted by Ambassador Russell on April 30. The meeting was held at the White House.
Document 152: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to the Administrator of the Agency for International Development (Bell)
Washington, May 10, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) TUN. No classification marking. Drafted by Nelson in AFN.
Document 153: Information Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Trimble) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, May 21, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL TUN–US. Confidential. Drafted by Chase. A note on the source text indicates Secretary Rusk saw the memorandum.
Document 154: Letter From Secretary of State Rusk to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, June 3, 1965.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 70 A 3717, 091.3 Tunisia. Secret.
Document 155: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, June 20, 1965, 12:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–TUN. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Blake and McClanahan on May 27; cleared by Black in AID/PC, Colonel Dregne in DOD/ISA, Trimble, Warren in G/PM, and Rusk; and approved by Carol C. Moor in S/S.
Document 156: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, July 28, 1965, 5:15 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 TUN. Secret. Drafted by McClanahan and Blake on July 27; cleared by Lang in DOD and by Warren; and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Tripoli, CINCEUR, and CINCUSAFE.
Document 157: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, September 17, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Tunisia, December 1963–March 1966. Secret.
Document 158: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 18, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–TUN. Secret. Drafted by Blake on September 22 and approved in S on September 30. The meeting was held in the Secretary’s office. The source text is labeled “Part II of III.”
Document 159: Memorandum of Conversation
New York, September 27, 1965, noon.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Robert W. Komer, Tunisia, December 1963–March 1966. Secret. Drafted by O’Neill and approved in S on October 25. The meeting was held at USUN. The source text is labeled “Part 1 of 4.”
Document 160: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, April 4, 1966, 2:45 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Confidential. A handwritten note on the source text indicates that the memorandum was received at 6:15 p.m.
Document 161: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, April 12, 1966, 11:45 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Confidential.
Document 162: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, May 20, 1966, 8:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 TUN. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Polk in AFN and approved by Root.
Document 163: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, July 23, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Secret.
Document 164: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, August 12, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Secret. Prepared by Saunders. Copies were sent to Bromley Smith and James Clark.
Document 165: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, August 25, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL TUN–US. Confidential. Drafted by Spicer and approved in S on September 1. The source text is labeled “Part I of IV.”
Document 166: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, October 4, 1966, 9 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Secret.
Document 167: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, October 13, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 12/63–9/68. Secret.
Document 168: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, December 14, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 17. Secret.
Document 169: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, January 23, 1967, 4:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–TUN. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Sacksteder in AFN and Colonel Kissinger in OSD/ISA; cleared by Colonel Alba in JCS/J–5, Commander Peters in JCS/SAMAA, Litmans in DOD/GC, Dunlap in DOD/ODMA, Malmborg in L/E, Post in AFN, Colonel Megna in AFI, and Meinecke in AID/AFR/NA; and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Paris, Rabat for Root and Lang, and USCINCEUR for ECMAP–IA.
Document 170: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 4, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 TUN. Confidential. Drafted by Sacksteder and approved in S on March 13. The meeting was held in Secretary Rusk’s office.
Document 171: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, April 21, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Visit of President Bourguiba, Cables & Memos, 5/15–16/68. Confidential.
Document 172: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, June 8, 1967, 12:39 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 TUN. Secret; Priority; Noforn/Limidis. Drafted by Root on June 7 and approved by Palmer. Repeated to Rabat.
Document 173: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, June 15, 1967, 2:57 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 27 ARAB–ISR. Confidential; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Sacksteder and Palmer (text revised in the White House); cleared by Battle, Harold Saunders, and Eugene V. Rostow; and approved by Herbert B. Thompson of S/S.
Document 174: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tunisia
Washington, March 1, 1968, 0021Z.Beginning in 1967, the dates and transmission times of all outgoing Department of State telegrams were in 6-figure date-time-groups. The “Z” refers to Greenwich mean time.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, AID (US) 9 TUN. Confidential. Drafted by Baron in AFR/NA and by Root, McClanahan, and Post; cleared by Straus in AA/AFR, Meinecke in AFR/NA, and SIG Staff Director Arthur A. Hartman; and approved by Palmer.
Document 175: Information Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, May 14, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Visit of President Bourguiba, Cables & Memos, 5/15–16/68. Secret.
Document 176: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, May 15, 1968, noon.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Cables, 12/63–9/68. Secret; Exdis. Drafted by Edmund S. Glenn. The meeting was held at the White House. The source text is labeled “Part I of III”; memoranda of conversation of other portions of the discussion of the Middle East and Bourguiba’s visit to Canada are ibid.
Document 177: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, May 16, 1968, 5 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Cables, 12/63–9/68. Secret. Drafted by Root. The meeting was held at the White House. The source text is labeled “Part I of II”; the memorandum of conversation covering the remainder of the discussion, which concerned Vietnam, is ibid.
Document 178: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, May 24, 1968, 7:15 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Tunisia, Vol. I, Cables, 12/63–9/68. Confidential.
Document 179: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, June 27, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 84. Secret.
Document 180: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 19, 1968, 11:30 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23 TUN. Secret. Drafted by McClanahan on September 20 and approved in M on October 2. The source text is labeled “Part 2 of 2.” The meeting was held in Rostow’s office.
Document 181: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, January 29, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, East, Vol. I, 1/64–4/64. No classification marking.
Document 182: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, February 7, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, United Kingdom, PM Home Visit Briefing Book, 2/12–13/64. Secret. Drafted by Deputy Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs Wendell B. Coote.
Document 183: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Politico-Military Affairs (Kitchen) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Sloan)
Washington, March 2, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 68 A 306, 373.5 Africa. Secret.
Document 184: Draft National Security Action Memorandum
Washington, undated.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. I 2/64–6/64. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. A May 12 covering memorandum from Benjamin H. Read to McGeorge Bundy states that on April 9, the Special Group (CI) considered a reassessment of internal security in Africa, approved certain courses of action, and suggested preparation of an NSAM incorporating these courses of action. Williams and Harriman had subsequently recommended preparation of an NSAM and a draft was enclosed for Bundy’s approval. The Special Group (CI) was a high-level interdepartmental group created to deal with counterinsurgency issues. The April 9 meeting was attended by Under Secretary Averell Harriman, Attorney General Robert Kennedy, Deputy Secretary of Defense Cyrus R. Vance, CIA Director John A. McCone, NSC Staff member Michael Forrestal, AID Deputy Administrator William S. Gaud, and General Anthis representing JCS Chairman General Maxwell Taylor.
Document 185: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (McNaughton) to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, July 10, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 68 A 4023, 388.3 Africa. Top Secret.
Document 186: Memorandum From the Department of State’s Executive Secretary (Read) to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, July 14, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, 7/64–6/65. Secret.
Document 187: Memorandum From the Director of the United States Information Agency (Rowan) to President Johnson
Washington, July 21, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. No classification marking. Drafted by Lester E. Edmond, Executive Assistant to the Director.
Document 188: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman) to President Johnson
Washington, October 28, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. No classification marking.
Document 189: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, December 24, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 70 A 3717, 352 Africa. Secret.
Document 190: Memorandum From Lee C. White of the White House Staff to President Johnson
Washington, December 28, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. No classification marking. A copy was sent to McGeorge Bundy. A handwritten notation on the source text reads: “Hold for staff mtg Mon/McGB.”
Document 191: Draft Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Department of State, INR Historical Files, Africa General, 1967–1968. Secret; Sensitive. No drafting information appears on the source text. The source text contains minor handwritten revisions and corrections, but there is no indication who made them. The most important of them is the title, to which was added: “IN THE AF AREA.” All the changes have been incorporated into the text printed here.
Document 192: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 6, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. Secret.
Document 193: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, March 4, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. Confidential.
Document 194: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer and Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, March 30, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. Secret. A copy was sent to Clifford L. Alexander, Jr., Associate Special Counsel to the President.
Document 195: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, April 22, 1965.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence John A. McCone and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on April 22.
Document 196: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, May 18, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Files, CHRONO (Haynes), 3/1/65–6/15/66. Secret.
Document 197: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, June 5, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/64–6/65. Confidential. Copies were sent to Komer and Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff.
Document 198: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, June 15, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Files, CHRONO (Haynes), 3/1/65–6/15/66. Secret. Copies were sent to Komer and Saunders.
Document 199: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, June 19, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 11. Secret. A June 21 covering memorandum from Bundy to the President states that this summary of the African problem was worth reading. Bundy added that his only reservation concerned the memorandum’s endorsement of “Presidential noisemaking” about the Portuguese and the South Africans, commenting, “I think we have to be very careful with this and speak much more in sorrow than in anger.” (Ibid.)
Document 200: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, September 17, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Histories, President’s Speech on 3rd Anniversary of OAU, 5/26/66. Confidential. Drafted by Williams’ Special Assist-ant, Thomas W. McElhiney, on September 15. Cleared by Bell, USIA Deputy Director of Policy and Plans Burnett Anderson, Trowbridge of Commerce, Frankel, Solomon, Leddy, Walt Rostow, Greenfield, and Lang.
Document 201: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, October 14, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Histories, President’s Speech on 3rd Anniversary of OAU, 5/26/66. Confidential.
Document 202: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, November 23, 1965, 6:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Histories, President’s Speech on 3rd Anniversary of OAU, 5/26/66. Secret.
Document 203: Memorandum From President Johnson to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, November 28, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Histories, President’s Speech on 3rd Anniversary of OAU, 5/26/66. Confidential.
Document 204: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Arms Control (Barber) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Yarmolinsky)
Washington, November 29, 1965.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 70 A 3717, 388.3 Africa. Secret. A typed notation on the source text reads: “Mr. McNaughton has seen.”
Document 205: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, December 1, 1965.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 70 A 3717, 388.3 Africa. Secret. A stamped notation on the source text reads: “Mr. McNaughton has seen.”
Document 206: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, December 23, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Histories, President’s Speech on 3rd Anniversary of OAU, 5/26/66. Confidential. Drafted on December 10 by Deputy Director for Southern African Affairs Curtis C. Strong.
Document 207: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Fredericks) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, March 5, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL AFR. Secret. Drafted by Director of the Office of Inter-African Affairs Fred L. Hadsel and cleared by Rostow. Copies were sent to U, G, and M. The source text bears Rusk’s initials, indicating that he read it.
Document 208: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, March 10, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Files, CHRONO (Haynes), 3/1/65–6/15/66. Confidential.
Document 209: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, May 20, 1966, 3:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 3, 4/2/66–5/26/66. Secret. A handwritten notation on the source text reads: “Mr. President—State Dept draft of address seems long to me and needs editing by Moyers. K—5/20.
Document 210: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to All African Posts Except Pretoria
Washington, May 25, 1966–6:48 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 US/Johnson. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Hadsel; cleared by NEA Deputy Assistant Secretary Rodger P. Davies, AID/AFR Assistant Administrator Edmond C. Hutchinson, and Bromley Smith. Approved and initialed by Palmer. Repeated to Pretoria, USUN, Tel Aviv, and Cairo.
Document 211: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Moyers) to President Johnson
Washington, May 26, 1966, 3:10 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. 4, 3/6–5/66. No classification marking.
Document 212: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, June 8, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Haynes Memos. Confidential.
Document 213: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, July 7, 1966.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence Richard Helms and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on July 7.
Document 214: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, July 13, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. V, 6/66–1/69. No classification marking.
Document 215: Report of the Task Force on the Review of African Development Policies and Programs
Washington, July 22, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Review of African Development Polices and Programs as Directed by the President, Edward M. Korry. Confidential.
Document 216: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Ball) to President Johnson
Washington, August 8, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. V, 6/66–1/69. Confidential.
Document 217: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, August 9, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. V, 6/66–1/69. Confidential.
Document 218: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, September 12, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Arms Control for Africa. Secret.
Document 219: Memorandum of Conversation
New York, September 24, 1966, 1:15 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL AFR–US. Confidential. Drafted by Alec G. Toumayan and Harry R. Melone, and approved in S on October 4. The conversation was held at the Waldorf Towers in New York.
Document 220: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, October 3, 1966, 6:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Histories, President’s Speech on 3rd Anniversary of OAU, 5/26/66. No classification marking.
Document 221: National Security Action Memorandum No. 356
Washington, October 5, 1966.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 356. Confidential.
Document 222: Memorandum From Acting Secretary of State Katzenbach to President Johnson
Washington, December 17, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Korry Report on African Development Policy & Programs. Confidential.
Document 223: Memorandum From Halvor O. Ekern of the Operations Staff, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, to the Director of the Operations Staff (McAfee)
Washington, March 8, 1967.
Source: Department of State, INR Historical Files, Africa General, 1967–1968. Top Secret.
Document 224: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach) to President Johnson
Washington, April 18, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. V, 6/66–1/69. Confidential.
Document 225: Summary Notes of the 572d Meeting of the National Security Council
Washington, July 13, 1967, 12:10 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Meetings, Vol. 4, 7/13/67, African Problems. Secret; Sensitive; For the President Only. Another record of this meeting is ibid., Tom Johnson’s Notes of Meetings, July 13, 1967–12:08 p.m., NSC Meeting # 572.
Document 226: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Meetings, Vol. 4, 7/13/67, African Problems. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. The paper was discussed at the July 13 NSC meeting; see Document 225.
Document 227: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of the Treasury (Barr), the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach), and the Administrator of the Agency for International Development (Gaud) to President Johnson
Washington, August 14, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. V, 6/66–1/69. Limited Official Use.
Document 228: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, August 22, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Africa, General. No classification marking. An attached transmittal note from Hamilton to the President reads: “Mr. President: Attached is the memo you wanted concerning Senator McCarthy’s speech on Africa. You should know that the final version of the speech is (1) much more complimentary to us than the AP report suggests, and (2) vastly improved—due to hard lobbying from AID—compared with the original draft which would have called upon you to scrap the current program and start over. I will send a copy of the speech as soon as I can get my hands on it.”
Document 229: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, September 8, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 41. No classification marking.
Document 230: Intelligence Memorandum
Washington, October 19, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. III, 10/66–9/68. Secret; No Foreign Dissem. According to a note on the source text, “This memorandum was produced solely by CIA. It was prepared by the Office of Current Intelligence and coordinated with the Office of Economic Research, the Office of National Estimates, and the Clandestine Services.”
Document 231: Report From Vice President Humphrey to President Johnson
Washington, January 12, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 US/HUMPHREY. Secret.
Document 232: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, March 13, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 AFR–US. Secret. Drafted by Hadsel in AF/AFI. A March 16 covering memorandum from Read to Rostow reads: “The enclosed paper on African foreign policy issues which may arise during 1968 is submitted as a possible topic for a future NSC meeting. The paper was prepared by the Bureau of African Affairs and has been cleared by the Under Secretary.”
Document 233: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, May 22, l968, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Walt W. Rostow, Non-Vietnam, March-June ’68. Confidential. Drafted by Roger Morris of the National Security Council Staff.
Document 234: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, June 5, 1968, 3:40 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, International Meetings and Travel File, President’s Proposed Trip to Africa, August 1968. Secret.
Document 235: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 3, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Bundy Files, “B.” Confidential.
Document 236: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, February 11, 1964, 3 p.m.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI (McCone) Files: Job 80–B01285A, DCI (McCone) Memo for the Record, 01 Jan.–15 Apr. 64. Secret; Eyes Only. Drafted by McCone.
Document 237: Memorandum From the Director of the Office of West African Affairs (Trimble) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, February 11, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 GHANA–US. Secret. Drafted by Trimble, Mahoney, and Deputy Director of the Office of West African Affairs Leon G. Dorros.
Document 238: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, February 12, 1964, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Secretary’s Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 65 D 330, February 1964. Secret. Drafted by Willis C. Armstrong. Approved in M on February 24, in S on February 27, and by the White House on February 24. The meeting took place at the White House. The source text is labeled “Part IV of VI.”
Document 239: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, February 13, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. I, Cables, 11/63–2/64. Secret. Another copy of the memorandum indicates it was drafted in AF and sent to Rusk on February 13 with a covering memorandum from Williams. (National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Williams Records, White House Correspondence)
Document 240: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, February 14, 1964, 1–1:25 p.m.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Williams Records, White House Correspondence. Confidential. Drafted by Williams on March 2. The time is taken from the President’s Daily Diary. (Johnson Library)
Document 241: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, February 26, 1964,1 p.m.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI (McCone) Files: Job 80–B01285A, DCI Meetings with the President, 01 Jan.–5 Apr. 64. Secret; Eyes Only. Drafted by McCone on February 27.
Document 242: Memorandum of Meeting
Washington, February 26, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Bundy Files, Memorandum of Meetings with the President, Vol. I. Confidential. Drafted by Brubeck.
Document 243: Letter From President Nkrumah to President Johnson
Accra, February 26, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Ghana—Presidential Correspondence. No classification marking. Ghana’s Ambassador Miguel Augustus Ribeiro delivered the letter to Johnson on March 11; see Document 245. In a March 7 memorandum, Harriman forwarded the text of Nkrumah’s letter, as telegraphed by the Embassy, and recommended that the President receive Ambassador Ribeiro. (Department of State, Central Files, POL GHANA–US)
Document 244: Telegram From the Embassy in Ghana to the Department of State
Accra, March 2, 1964, 5 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 GHANA. Confidential.
Document 245: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 11, 1964, 12:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL GHANA–US. Confidential. Drafted by Williams. Approved in M on March 14 and in the White House on March 18. A March 11 briefing memorandum from Brubeck to the President states that Ribeiro was to give the President the February 26 letter from Nkrumah (Document 243). (Johnson Library, National Security File, Bundy Files, “B”)
Document 246: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, March 17, 1964, 11:01 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 US/Johnson. Confidential; Limdis. Drafted at the White House, cleared by Dorros, and approved for transmission by Marion A. Baldwin of S/S.
Document 247: Telegram From the Embassy in Ghana to the Department of State
Accra, March 23, 1964, 8:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 US/HARRIMAN. Secret; Priority; Exdis. Passed to the White House.
Document 248: Summary Record of the 526th Meeting of the National Security Council
Washington, April 3, 1964, 2 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Meetings File, Vol. I, Tab 7, 4/3/64, Various Topics (Panama, etc.). Top Secret.
Document 249: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman) to President Johnson
Washington, April 3, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. II, Cables, 3/64–2/66. Secret.
Document 250: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, April 9, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL GHANA–US. Confidential. Drafted by Dorros and cleared by AID/AFR/CA Director Richard M. Cashin.
Document 251: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 11, 1965, 3–3:30 p.m.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI (McCone) Files: Job 80–B01285A, DCI Memo for the Record, 01 Mar.–28 Apr. 65. Secret. Drafted on March 12 by [text not declassified] Deputy Chief of the Africa Division in the CIA Directorate of Plans. Filed with a covering memorandum from Africa Division Chief [text not declassified] to McCone. The time is taken from a CIA transcript of the conversation. (Ibid.) The meeting took place in McCone’s office.
Document 252: Telegram From the Embassy in Ghana to the Department of State
Accra, April 2, 1965, 6 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL GHANA–US. Confidential.
Document 253: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, May 27, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. II, Cables, 3/64–2/66. Secret.
Document 254: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, August 6, 1965, 4:45–5 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. II, Cables, 3/64–2/66. Confidential. Drafted by McGeorge Bundy on August 11.
Document 255: Telegram From the Embassy in Togo to the Department of State
Lome, September 30, 1965, 1435Z.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Williams Papers, 1961–1966. Confidential. Repeated to Accra, Abidjan, and London.
Document 256: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Embassies in Africa
Washington, November 23, 1965, 7:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 GHANA. Confidential. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Ghana Affairs Robert P. Smith, and Hendrik Van Oss of AFW; cleared by Trimble, Donald J. Kent of AF/P, Robert F. Andrew of INR/RAF, and Ben Thirkeild of P/ON. Approved by Williams. Repeated to London.
Document 257: Memorandum for the Deputy Director of Central Intelligence (Helms)
Washington, February 25, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. II, Cables, 3/64–2/66. Secret; No Foreign Dissem; Controlled Dissem; Background Use Only. Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency. The source text is filed with an undated handwritten note from Helms to Bundy, apparently sent on February 28, noting that Bundy had expressed an interest in the subject when they talked on Friday (February 25) and adding, “I am particularly pleased to send you a favorable report on your last day.”
Document 258: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, February 25, 1966, 6:18 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 GHANA. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Smith and Pelletreau in AF/AFW, cleared by Gustafson in L/AF, and approved by Trimble in AF. Repeated to London.
Document 259: Telegram From the Embassy in Ghana to the Department of State
Accra, March 3, 1966, 1845Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 GHANA. Confidential.
Document 260: Memorandum From the President’s Acting Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, March 12, 1966, 10:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Robert W. Komer, Vol. 21, 3/3/66–3/20/66. Confidential. A handwritten “L” on the source text indicates that the memorandum was seen by the President.
Document 261: Letter From Chairman of the National Liberation Council Lieutenant General Ankrah to President Johnson
Accra, March 24, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Ghana, 3/24/66–10/6/66. No classification marking. The salutation and closing of the letter are handwritten. An April 8 memorandum from Ulric Haynes of the NSC Staff to Rostow notes that Williams had sent Ankrah’s letter directly to Bill Moyers, a personal friend from Peace Corps days. Moyers sent the letter to Haynes, who drafted a reply and cleared it with the Department of State. (Ibid.) Rostow forwarded the Ankrah letter and the draft reply to Johnson in Texas under cover of an April 11 memorandum. (Ibid.)
Document 262: Letter From President Johnson to Chairman of the National Liberation Council Lieutenant General Ankrah
Washington, April 14, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Ghana, 3/24/66–10/6/66. No classification marking.
Document 263: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, July 8, 1966, 7:15 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Ghana, 3/24/66–10/6/66. No classification marking.
Document 264: Letter From President Johnson to Chairman of the National Liberation Council Lieutenant General Ankrah
Washington, July 12, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Ghana, 3/24/66–10/6/66. No classification marking.
Document 265: Country Summary Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, March 7, 1967.
Document 266: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, May 11, 1967, 10:40 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. III, 3/66–10/68. No classification marking.
Document 267: Telegram From the Embassy in Ghana to the Department of State
Accra, May 16, 1967, 1910Z.
Source: Department of State, S/S-S Files: Lot 68 D 453. Confidential.
Document 268: Special Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, July 19, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. III, 3/66–10/68. Secret.
Document 269: Letter From President Johnson to Chairman of the National Liberation Council Lieutenant General Ankrah
Washington, August 11, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 37. No classification marking. Drafted by Edward Hamilton of the NSC Staff with revisions by President Johnson. The letter was transmitted in telegram 20706 to Accra. (Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 GHANA) Telegram 644 from Accra, August 21, reported that the letter was delivered that day. (Ibid., POL 7 GHANA)
Document 270: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, September 25, 1967, 1956Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 GHANA. Confidential; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Melbourne, cleared by Palmer, and approved by Katzenbach. Repeated to Conakry, Lagos, Kinshasa, London, and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 271: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, October 9, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Visit of General Joseph A. Ankrah, 10/10/67. Secret.
Document 272: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, October 12, 1967, 0048Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 GHANA. Confidential. Drafted by Melbourne on October 11, cleared by Hamilton at the White House, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 273: Telegram From the Embassy in Ghana to the Department of State
Accra, January 4, 1968, 0230Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 US/HUMPHREY. Confidential; Priority.
Document 274: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, October 15, 1968, 8:20 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ghana, Vol. III, 3/66–10/68. Confidential.
Document 275: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, January 15, 1964, 4:02 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL SOMALI–US. Confidential. Drafted by Galanto and Newsom on January 13; cleared by Hadsel, AFE Deputy Director for Eastern African Affairs Wendell B. Coote, and Director of AID’s Office of Eastern/Southern African Affairs Willard Muller; and approved by Tasca. Sent by pouch to Nairobi, Addis Ababa, Bonn, Dar-es-Salaam, Kampala, London, Moscow, and Rome.
Document 276: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Moyers)
Washington, January 21, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Ethiopia. No classification marking.
Document 277: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, January 21, 1964, 6:39 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Immediate. Drafted by AFN Deputy Director James J. Blake and Galanto, cleared by W. Paul O’Neill of AFE, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Nairobi, and POLAD CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA.
Document 278: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, January 21, 1964, 7:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOM. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Blake and Newsom on January 20; cleared by George L. Warren of G/PM, AFI Politico-Military Adviser Eric E. Oulashin, Muller, Colonel Heffner in DOD/ISA, Harriman, and Brubeck; and approved by Williams. Repeated to Mogadiscio and POLAD CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, and to Asmara.
Document 279: Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, February 10, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Drafted by Blake.
Document 280: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Sudan
Washington, February 16, 1964, 11:01 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Newsom and Galanto; cleared by Tasca; and approved by Newsom. Also sent to Dar-es-Salaam, Addis Ababa, and Mogadiscio, and repeated to Nairobi.
Document 281: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, February 20, 1964, 11:33 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Ethiopian Affairs Richard St. F. Post on February 19; cleared by Stephen Christmas of AID’s Office of Eastern/Southern African Affairs, Colonel Junkermann in DOD/ISA, and Newsom; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Mogadiscio.
Document 282: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, February 20, 1964, 4:31 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL SOMALI–US. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Galanto, cleared by Newsom, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Khartoum, Lagos, and Nairobi.
Document 283: Editorial Note
Document 284: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman)
Washington, February 21, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Drafted by Newsom.
Document 285: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, February 21, 1964, 5:53 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret; Immediate; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Newsom, cleared by Harriman and Brubeck, and approved by Tasca.
Document 286: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, February 21, 1964, 5:59 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret; Immediate; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Newsom and Post on February 20, cleared by Brubeck and Harriman, and approved by Tasca.
Document 287: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the Soviet Union
Washington, March 6, 1964, 4:59 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Drafted by Ben M. Zook of the Office of Research and Analysis for the Soviet Bloc in INR; cleared by Director of the Office of Soviet Union Affairs John C. Guthrie and Chief of the Soviet Bloc International Political Activities Division in INR Helmut Sonnenfeldt; and approved by Director of the Office of Research and Analysis for the Soviet Bloc in INR Howard Trivers.
Document 288: Memorandum for the Files
Washington, March 17, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Drafted by Newsom. Copies were sent to Edward Little in the Office of Secretary, William Lewis in INR, and Wendell Coote in AFE.
Document 289: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, March 18, 1964, 4:06 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Post; cleared by Galanto, Officer in Charge of Sudanese Affairs Robert N. Stookey, and Newsom; and approved by Tasca. Also sent to Mogadiscio and Khartoum, and repeated to Asmara.
Document 290: Circular Airgram From the Department of State to Certain African Posts
Washington, March 21, 1964, 10:32 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 ETH–US. Secret. Drafted by Post and Newsom on March 17; cleared by Fuller in CIA, Colonel Heffner in DOD, Deputy Director of AID’s Office of Eastern/Southern African Affairs David E. Alter, Warren, Charles R. Stout of EUR/WE, Coote, Sol Polansky of EUR/SOV, and Herbert V. Olds of AFI; and approved by Tasca. Sent to Addis Ababa, Nairobi, Khartoum, Lagos, Asmara, Mogadiscio, Dar-es-Salaam, Cairo, Accra, Aden, London, Rome, and POLAD/CINCMEAFSA.
Document 291: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, April 1, 1964, 6:20 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 31–1 ETH–SOMALI. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Blake and Newsom and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Khartoum, POLAD CINCMEAFSA Tampa, and Mogadiscio.
Document 292: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, April 29, 1964.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the source text, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence John A. McCone and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on April 29.
Document 293: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, June 5, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 68 A 306, 091.3 Ethiopia. Confidential. Drafted on June 5 by William M. Leffingwell, Deputy Director of Military Assistance in DOD/ISA. Copies were sent to Sloan and General Wood in DOD/ISA, Ambassador Korry, and to the Offices of Plans and Programs and NESA Region in ISA.
Document 294: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, June 18, 1964, 3:28 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–ETH. Secret. Drafted by Newsom, cleared by Colonel Junkermann in DOD/ISA and Christmas, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Mogadiscio and CINCMEAFSA.
Document 295: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, July 11, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 70 A 1266, 381 Ethiopia. Secret.
Document 296: Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Wells) to the Acting Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Thompson)
Washington, July 22, 1964.
Document 297: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, September 1, 1964, 6:03 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–ETH. Secret; Priority; No Distribution Outside Department. Drafted by Blake and Newsom, cleared by Lang and G/PM Director for Operations Howard Meyers, and approved by Tasca.
Document 298: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, November 10, 1964, 9:36 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–3 US–ETH. Secret. Drafted by Galanto; cleared by Williams, Newsom, Warren, Lang, Muller, and General Pinkston in ODMA; and approved by Harriman.
Document 299: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, November 20, 1964, 8:16 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–3 US–ETH. Secret. Drafted by Galanto, cleared by Blake, and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Mogadiscio, Asmara, and CINCMEAFSA, and by pouch to Nairobi, London, and Rome.
Document 300: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, December 2, 1964, 7 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19 US–ETH. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Galanto; cleared by Colonel Heffner in DOD/ISA, Muller, and Blake; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to CINCMEAFSA and also for POLAD/CINCMEAFSA.
Document 301: Action Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Northern African Affairs (Newsom) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, March 15, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ETH–SOMALI. Secret. Drafted by Galanto.
Document 302: Information Memorandum From the Deputy Director of the Office of Northern African Affairs (Blake) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, March 22, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Somalian Affairs Peter C. Walker.
Document 303: Memorandum for the Files
Washington, March 25, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ETH–US. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 304: Letter From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Ambassador to Ethiopia (Korry)
Washington, April 26, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ethiopia, Vol. 2, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–1/69. Secret; Personal; via Classified Diplomatic Pouch.
Document 305: Telegram From the Embassy in Ethiopia to the Department of State
Addis Ababa, May 25, 1965, 1800Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 US/HARRIMAN. Secret; Priority. Repeated to Asmara.
Document 306: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, August 25, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL SOMALI–US. Confidential. Drafted by Walker on August 16.
Document 307: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, September 2, 1965, 5:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ETH–SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Hugh Campbell of AFN and Galanto, and approved by Blake. Also sent to Addis Ababa, and repeated to Nairobi and Rome for Ambassador Torbert (Hotel Victoria).
Document 308: Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, November 3, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 ETH. Secret. Drafted by Galanto and Blake on November 2.
Document 309: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, February 8, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ethiopia, Vol. 2, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–1/69. Secret. A copy was sent to [text not declassified].
Document 310: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer)
Washington, February 11, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Ethiopia. Secret.
Document 311: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, February 18, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Files, CHRONO (Haynes), 3/1/65–6/15/66. Secret. A copy was sent to Harriman.
Document 312: Special Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, March 31, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ethiopia, Vol. 2, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–1/69. Secret. Prepared in the Office of National Estimates.
Document 313: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, June 29, 1966, 7:43 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–ETH. Confidential. Drafted by AFN Deputy Director Matthew J. Looram on June 28, cleared by AFE Deputy Director for Eastern African Affairs Edward W. Mulcahy and Colonel Dregne of DOD/ISA, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Nairobi, Khartoum, and by pouch to Asmara.
Document 314: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, August 26, 1966, 8:28 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–ETH. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Looram; cleared by Lang and Herman Kleine, AID Assistant Administrator for Africa; and approved by Palmer.
Document 315: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, September 20, 1966, 2:01 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12 AFR. Secret; Exdis. Drafted by Looram and Walker on September 16; cleared by Lang, Chief of ACDA’s International Relations Bureau’s Political Affairs Division Robert H. Kranich, Hamilton at the White House, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Politico-Military Affairs Jeffrey C. Kitchen, Director of the Office of Soviet Union Affairs Malcolm Toon, and Ambassador at Large Llewellyn E. Thompson; and approved by Fredericks. Also sent to Addis Ababa, Moscow, and Nairobi and repeated to Dar-es-Salaam, Paris, and USUN for the Secretary.
Document 316: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, October 1, 1966, 2:13 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Secret; Limdis. Drafted by Looram and Walker on September 30; cleared by Richard W. Aherne of EUR/FBX, Warren, Philip Megna of AFI, Lang, and Donald R. Morris of IO/UNP; and approved by Palmer. Repeated to Asmara, Mogadiscio, Moscow, Paris, Khartoum, Nairobi, USUN, and CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA.
Document 317: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 1, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–ETH. Secret. Drafted by Buche on October 4.
Document 318: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, October 12, 1966, 8:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Ethiopia, 9/1/66–5/31/67. Secret.
Document 319: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, October 14, 1966, 6:14 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted at the White House and approved by John P. Walsh of S/S. Repeated to Mogadiscio, and by pouch to Nairobi, London, and Paris.
Document 320: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 17, 1966, 5:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL SOMALI–US. Confidential. Drafted by Looram of AFNE on October 19 and approved in S on October 26. The conversation was held in the Secretary’s office.
Document 321: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, November 1, 1966, 5:54 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12 AFR. Secret; Exdis. Drafted by Looram on October 31; cleared by Palmer, AFE Deputy Director for Southern African Affairs Curtis C. Strong, Deputy Director of the Office of Soviet Union Affairs James W. Pratt, and Andrew L. Steigman of S; and approved by Thompson. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Moscow, and Nairobi.
Document 322: Letter From Acting Secretary of State Katzenbach to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, November 2, 1966.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 70 A 4443, 091.3 MAAG Ethiopia. Secret.
Document 323: Letter From Secretary of Defense McNamara to the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach)
Washington, January 13, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 72 A 2468, 091.3 MAAG Ethiopia. Top Secret.
Document 324: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, January 18, 1967, 6:49 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Confidential. Drafted by Looram; cleared by Strong and AF Deputy Assistant Secretary William C. Trimble; and approved by Looram. Repeated to Addis Ababa and Nairobi, and by pouch to Khartoum, Paris, and London.
Document 325: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (McNaughton) to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, February 4, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 71 A 4546, 333 Ethiopia. Secret.
Document 326: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, February 11, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Secret. Drafted by Looram; cleared by Trimble, Hughes, G/PM Director for Operations Joseph J. Wolf, Lang, and Director of AID’s Office of Eastern and South African Affairs Eugene M. Reed.
Document 327: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, February 11, 1967, 1 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, White House Central Files, CO 73 Ethiopia (Restricted). Top Secret.
Document 328: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, February 14, 1967, 11:34 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ethiopia, Vol. 2, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–1/69. Secret. Drafted by Looram on February 16. The conversation was held at the White House. The time and place for the meeting is from ibid., President’s Daily Diary.
Document 329: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, February 14, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ethiopia, Visit of Emperor Haile Selassie, 2/14–15/67. No classification marking.
Document 330: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, February 14, 1967, 8 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Ethiopia, Vol. 2, Memos & Miscellaneous, 7/65–1/69. Confidential. Drafted by Korry on February 20. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 331: Telegram From the Embassy in Ethiopia to the Department of State
Addis Ababa, March 1, 1967, 1425Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 ETH. Secret; Limdis. Repeated to Asmara.
Document 332: Country Summary Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, March 5, 1967.
Document 333: Country Summary Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, March 6, 1967.
Document 334: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, April 27, 1967.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Deputy Director of Central Intelligence Rufus Taylor, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on April 27.
Document 335: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, April 28, 1967, 5:33 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 ETH. Confidential. Drafted by Walker on April 27; cleared by Officer in Charge of United Kingdom Affairs Thomas M. Judd, Wolf, and Bader in DOD/ISA; and approved by Looram. Also sent to London, and repeated to Asmara, Paris, CINCMEAFSA, and Moscow.
Document 336: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Italy
Washington, May 1, 1967, 6:08 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 13 ETH. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Walker; cleared by Wolf and William B. Dozier in EUR/FBX; and approved by Looram. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Asmara, and Damascus, and by pouch to Bonn, Cairo, Jidda, Khartoum, Mogadiscio, Moscow, Sanaa, London, and Paris.
Document 337: Letter From the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach) to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, May 8, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 72 A 2467, 091.3 MAAG Ethiopia. Top Secret.
Document 338: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, July 13, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Ethiopia. Top Secret.
Document 339: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, July 25, 1967, 2119Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 ETH. Secret. Drafted by John G. Gloster of AF/AFNE; cleared by Looram; and approved by Palmer. Repeated to Asmara, Mogadiscio, and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 340: Telegram From the Embassy in Somalia to the Department of State
Mogadiscio, July 27, 1967, 1040Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 SOMALI. Confidential. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Nairobi, Rome, London, Bonn, the Department of Defense, and Hargeisa.
Document 341: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, August 16, 1967, 1622Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ETH–SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Palmer on August 15; cleared by AFE Country Director Nicholas Feld, Gloster, and Gordon R. Beyer in AFNE; approved by Palmer. Also sent to Addis Ababa, and Nairobi, and repeated to Rome, Paris, London, and Bonn.
Document 342: Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Palmer) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, August 22, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Looram and Beyer on August 21, and cleared by John P. Meagher in AFE.
Document 343: Memorandum From the Ambassador to the Somali Republic (Thurston) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Palmer)
Mogadiscio, November 7, 1967.
Document 344: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, November 7, 1967, 2314Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–ETH. Secret. Drafted by Gloster and Colonel Kissinger in DOD/ISA; cleared by Colonel Alba in JCS/J–5, Colonel Atkinson in JCS/SAMAA, Colonel Heffner in ODMA, and Looram; and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Asmara, USCINCMEAFSA, CHMAAG Ethiopia, and CSAF.
Document 345: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, December 5, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Somalia, Vol. I, 1/64–5/68. No classification marking. Drafted by Rostow, Hamilton, and Roger Morris.
Document 346: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach) to President Johnson
Washington, March 12, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Somalia Republic, Visit of Prime Minister Egal, 3/14–15/68. Confidential. A handwritten notation in the margin reads: “Orig. was attachment to WWR memo 3/13.” Rostow’s memorandum is Document 347. Attached talking points are not printed.
Document 347: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, March 13, 1968, 6 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 66. No classification marking. Drafted by Edward Hamilton and Roger Morris.
Document 348: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, March 14, 1968, noon.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Somalia, Vol. 1, 1/64–5/68. Confidential. Drafted by Looram. The conversation was held at the White House.
Document 349: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Somalia
Washington, March 16, 1968, 0123Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 SOMALI. Confidential. Drafted by Looram; cleared by Palmer, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Lucius D. Battle, Ambassador Thurston, and Steigman; and approved by Looram. Repeated to Addis Ababa, Nairobi, Asmara, and USUN, and by pouch to Paris, Rome, and Bonn.
Document 350: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, April 11, 1968.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence Richard M. Helms, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on April 11.
Document 351: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ethiopia
Washington, July 12, 1968, 2213Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 ETH. Confidential. Drafted by Looram; cleared by AFE Country Director Nicholas Feld, John G. MacCracken in EUR/SOV, and Lewis D. Junior in G/PM; and approved by AF Deputy Assistant Secretary Thomas H.E. Quimby. Also sent to Mogadiscio and Nairobi, and repeated to London, Moscow, Asmara, and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 352: Telegram From the Embassy in Ethiopia to the Department of State
Addis Ababa, July 29, 1968, 1624Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 ETH–US. Confidential; Limdis. Repeated to Asmara.
Document 353: Telegram From the Embassy in Ethiopia to the Department of State
Addis Ababa, July 29, 1968, 1625Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ETH–SOMALI. Confidential. Repeated to Asmara and Mogadiscio.
Document 354: Intelligence Note
Washington, September 6, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL ETH–SOMALI. Secret; No Foreign Dissem; Controlled Dissem. Transmitted as a memorandum from Director of INR Thomas L. Hughes to Rusk.
Document 355: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Nitze) to the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach)
Washington, September 6, 1968.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 72 A 1499, Ethiopia, 000.1—1968. Top Secret.
Document 356: Letter From the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Nitze)
Washington, December 16, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 ETH–US. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text, but a typed note indicates the letter was redrafted in U.
Document 357: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, March 25, 1964, 7 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, International Meetings and Travel File, Africa, Box 31, Harriman’s Trip, 3/64. Confidential; Priority; Exdis. Passed to the White House.
Document 358: Memorandum From Samuel E. Belk of National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 30, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. Official Use Only.
Document 359: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 2, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. Secret.
Document 360: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, August 26, 1965.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by the Director of Central Intelligence and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on August 26.
Document 361: Editorial Note
Document 362: Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Koren) to the Director of the Bureau (Hughes)
Washington, January 18, 1966.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, Nigeria. Secret. Prepared on January 21. The memorandum was also sent to the Deputy Director of INR George C. Denney, Jr., and to Deputy Director for Research Allan Evans.
Document 363: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, May 30, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. Secret.
Document 364: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to All African Posts
Washington, August 2, 1966, 5:45 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Samuel Sloan and Roy W. Melbourne of the Office of West African Affairs, cleared by Officer in Charge of Nigerian Affairs Robert P. Smith, and approved by Trimble. Also sent to CINCSTRIKE, Brussels, London, USUN, Paris, Ottawa, Bonn, Canberra, Rome, and Moscow.
Document 365: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, September 28, 1966, 10:57 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 NIGERIA. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Robert P. Smith, cleared by Roy M. Melbourne, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London, Bonn, The Hague, CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, Paris, Enugu, Ibadan, and Kaduna.
Document 366: Intelligence Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, October 1, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. Secret; No Foreign Dissem.
Document 367: Telegram From the Consulate in Enugu to the Department of State
Enugu, October 18, 1966, 0755Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate. Also sent to Lagos and London and repeated to CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, DIA, Ibadan, and Kaduna. Passed to the White House, DOD, CIA, USIA, and NSA.
Document 368: Telegram From Secretary of State Rusk to the Department of State
Manila, October 27, 1966, 0220Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Exdis. Passed to the White House.
Document 369: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, November 9, 1966, 5:44 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 NIGERIA–US. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Melbourne, cleared by Trimble, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London.
Document 370: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, November 11, 1966, 1510Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis; Noforn. Also sent to Enugu, and repeated to London, Ibadan, and Kaduna. Passed to the White House, DOD, CIA, USIA, and NSA.
Document 371: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, February 14, 1967, 1230Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Repeated to London. Passed to the White House and USIA at 5:17 a.m. on February 15.
Document 372: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, February 14, 1967, 8:09 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Smith and Melbourne, cleared by Trimble, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London.
Document 373: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, February 22, 1967, 3:27 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Robert Smith in AF/AFW, cleared in substance for EUR by Country Director for Canada Rufus Z. Smith, and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Lagos and London.
Document 374: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, February 23, 1967, 4:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Smith, cleared by Melbourne and Trimble, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 375: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, March 3, 1967, 5:13 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Smith, cleared by Trimble, and approved by Palmer. Also sent to London and repeated to Accra.
Document 376: Telegram From the Consulate in Enugu to the Department of State
Enugu, March 10, 1967, 1925Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate. Also sent to Lagos, London, and Accra. Repeated to CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, DOD, Ibadan, and Kaduna. Passed to the White House, CIA, USIA, and NSA.
Document 377: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, March 11, 1967, 3:44 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Confidential; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Smith and Melbourne, cleared in substance by Thomas M. Judd in EUR/BMI, and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Lagos and Accra.
Document 378: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, March 24, 1967, 11:55 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Smith on March 23, cleared by Trimble, and approved by Palmer. Repeated to London, Accra, and Enugu.
Document 379: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, April 12, 1967, 1500Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Confidential; Immediate. Repeated to CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, DIA, Accra, London, Monrovia, Yaounde, Enugu, Ibadan, and Kaduna. Passed to the White House, CIA, DOD, NSA, and USIA.
Document 380: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, April 13, 1967, 1723Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis (Noforn except British). Repeated to CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, DIA, London, Accra, Enugu, Ibadan, and Kaduna. Passed to the White House, USIA, DOD, NSA, AND CIA.
Document 381: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, April 14, 1967, 2:34 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15–1 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Melbourne on April 13 and approved by Trimble. Repeated to London, Accra, Enugu, Ibadan, Kaduna and CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA.
Document 382: Telegram From Department of State to the Embassy in Ghana
Washington, April 19, 1967, 10:08 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Melbourne and Country Director for Ethiopia Matthew J. Looram, cleared by Trimble, and approved by Palmer. Also sent to Addis Ababa, Lagos, and London.
Document 383: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, April 21, 1967, 1500Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 15 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Repeated to Accra, Addis Ababa, and London. Passed to the White House, DOD, NSA, CIA, and USIA.
Document 384: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, May 5, 1967, 4:01 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL NIGERIA–US. Confidential; Priority. Drafted and approved by Melbourne and cleared by Trimble.
Document 385: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, May 25, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. Secret.
Document 386: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Posts
Washington, May 30, 1967, 6:05 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 NIGERIA. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Smith, cleared by Assistant Legal Adviser for African Affairs Charles Runyon and Palmer, and approved by Katzenbach. Sent to all posts in Africa and Europe, CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, and USUN.
Document 387: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, May 31, 1967, 7 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Aides File, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 29. Secret. The memorandum was passed to President Johnson with a May 31 covering note from Rostow at 7:50 p.m.
Document 388: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, June 6, 1967, 4:15 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Nigeria-Presidential Correspondence. No classification marking.
Document 389: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, June 28, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. Confidential. Prepared by Rostow.
Document 390: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, July 3, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. I, Memos & Miscellaneous, 6/64–8/67. No classification marking.
Document 391: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, July 20, 1967, 6:57 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 27 BIAFRA–NIGERIA. Confidential; Priority. Drafted and approved by Melbourne and cleared by Hamilton at the White House.
Document 392: Telegram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, August 8, 1967, 1700Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 NIGERIA. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. Repeated to CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, London, Enugu, Ibadan, and Kaduna.
Document 393: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, November 27, 1967, p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Nigeria. Confidential. A note in Rostow’s handwriting on the source text reads: “You sound sensible, as usual. R.”
Document 394: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, February 7, 1968.
Document 395: Airgram From the Embassy in Nigeria to the Department of State
Lagos, March 7, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 NIGERIA–US. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Ambassador Mathews on February 29.
Document 396: Information Memorandum From the Western Africa Country Director, Bureau of African Affairs (Melbourne) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Palmer)
Washington, April 18, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 NIGERIA–US. Secret. Drafted by Alan M. Hardy of AFW.
Document 397: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, May 2, 1968.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence Richard M. Helms, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on May 2.
Document 398: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, August 12, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 8/67–1/69. Secret.
Document 399: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Nigeria
Washington, August 15, 1968, 1553Z.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Special Head of State Correspondence File, Nigeria-Presidential Correspondence. Confidential; Flash. Drafted by Smith, cleared by Hamilton at the White House and Katzenbach, and approved by Palmer. Also sent to London. Repeated to Addis Ababa and the U.S. Mission at Geneva.
Document 400: Editorial Note
Document 401: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, November 14, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 8/67–1/69. Confidential.
Document 402: Memorandum From Roger Morris of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, December 24, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Nigeria, Vol. II, Memos & Miscellaneous, 8/67–1/69. Secret.
Document 403: Letter From the Permanent Representative to the United Nations (Goldberg) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, October 29, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Secret.
Document 404: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 2, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Botswana, Vol. I, 9/66–1/69. Confidential. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 405: Letter From Secretary of State Rusk to the Permanent Representative to the United States (Goldberg)
Washington, January 7, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Secret. Drafted by Donald McHenry of IO/UNP on December 28, 1965; cleared by EUR Regional Planning and United Nations Adviser Edward T. Lampson, Captain Asbury Coward of G/PM, Pierson M. Hall of AFE, Colonel James W. Milner of SCI, and UNP Office Director Elizabeth Ann Brown.
Document 406: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (McNaughton) to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, January 18, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 71 A 4546, 092 Africa. Secret. Drafted by Bader and Lang on January 15.
Document 407: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, June 9, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Malawi, Visit of President Hastings K. Banda, 6/8–11/67. Confidential.
Document 408: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, November 24, 1967.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Deputy Director of Central Intelligence Rufus Taylor and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on November 24.
Document 409: Paper Prepared in the Policy Planning Council
Washington, November 20, 1968.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 70 D 263, SIG/MEMO: #107—11/22/68—U.S. Policy Toward Southern Africa, 47th SIG Meeting. Secret; Noforn. Filed with a November 22 memorandum from Staff Director Arthur A. Hartman to SIG Members transmitting a revised text of the draft National Policy Paper on Southern Africa for discussion at the 47th SIG meeting on December 3. No drafting information appears on the source text, but Hartman’s memorandum notes that the new text reflected certain areas of agreement that emerged from the IRG/AF meeting on November 14, and a number of minor changes and amplifications. The Introductory Notes to the paper state that, when approved, it would rescind the National Policy Paper on South Africa approved by Secretary Rusk on January 18, 1965 (see Document 600), and supersede the preliminary draft NPP on Southern Africa dated April 26, 1967.
Document 410: Memorandum From Harold H. Saunders of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, December 3, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, South Africa. Secret.
Document 411: Memorandum of Meeting
Washington, December 3, 1968.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 70 D 263, SIG/RA: #49—12/9/68—Chairman’s Summary of Discussion and Decisions at 47th Meeting, 12/3/68. Secret. Prepared by Arthur A. Hartman.
Document 412: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, December 12, 1968.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 73 A 1250, South Africa 092. Secret.
Document 413: Telegram From the Embassy in the Congo to the Department of State
Leopoldville, January 14, 1964, 2 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 ANG. Confidential. Also sent to Lisbon, Luanda, USUN, Brazzaville, Bukavu, Elisabethville, and Stanleyville.
Document 414: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, January 17, 1964, 6:06 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Robert H. Edwards of IO/UNP and Officer in Charge of Portuguese Affairs Robert Barbour; cleared by Deputy Assistant Secretary for European Affairs William C. Burdett, Cleveland, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Far Eastern Affairs Marshall Green, and Williams; and approved by Harriman and Ball. Repeated to USUN and Leopoldville, and by pouch to London, Madrid, Luanda, Lourenco Marques, Abidjan, Tunis, Lagos, and Addis Ababa.
Document 415: Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Scott) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, March 16, 1964.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, Special Group Files, S.G. 114, March 12, 1964. Secret; Eyes Only. Also sent to Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs William R. Tyler.
Document 416: Circular Airgram From the Department of State to Certain African Posts
Washington, March 16, 1964, 2:14 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 ANG. Confidential. Drafted by Looram on March 10; cleared by IO/UNP, Francois M. Dickman of NEA, Deputy Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs Wendell B. Coote, Deputy Director of the Office of Western European Affairs Hugh G. Appling, Deputy Director of the Office of Northern African Affairs James J. Blake, and Deputy Director of the Office of West African Affairs Leon G. Dorros; and approved by Williams. Sent to Abidjan, Addis Ababa, Algiers, Dakar, Dar-es-Salaam, Freetown, Lagos, Leopoldville, Monrovia, Ouagadougou, Rabat, Tananarive, and Tunis. Repeated to USUN, Lisbon, London, Paris, all other African diplomatic posts including Cairo, Luanda, Lourenco Marques, Salisbury, Lusaka, and Blantyre.
Document 417: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Ball) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, March 17, 1964.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, Special Group Files, S.G. 121, May 21, 1964. Top Secret.
Document 418: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, April 29, 1964.
Source Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Portugal, Vol. I, Cables, 11/63–7/64. Secret; Special Handling. Drafted by Looram on April 28. Sent through Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs U. Alexis Johnson. A May 3 covering memorandum from U. Alexis Johnson to Attorney General Kennedy, Secretary of Defense McNamara, CIA Director McCone, and McGeorge Bundy reads: “Attached is a paper prepared by the Bureau of African Affairs at the request of Secretary Rusk as a basis for the discussion on the foregoing subject at the meeting, 4:30 p.m., May 4. In addition to the considerations with respect to Africa, as set forth in the attached paper, Secretary Rusk suggests that consideration will also need to be given to the effects on our NATO relationships with [sic] and our military interests in Portuguese territory, as well as the place of Portugal in the NATO alliance.”
Document 419: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, May 4, 1964.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI (McCone) Files: Job 80–B01285A, 303 Committee Meetings, 1964. Secret; Eyes Only. Prepared by Jessup on May 5. Copies were sent to Rusk, McNamara, Attorney General Kennedy, McCone, McGeorge Bundy, and U. Alexis Johnson.
Document 420: Information Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Fredericks) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, May 19, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 ANG. Secret. Drafted by Looram on May 18. Sent through Harriman. A copy was sent to Jerome K. Holloway in EUR.
Document 421: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, May 21, 1964.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, Special Group Files, S.G. 122, May 28, 1964. Secret; Eyes Only. Prepared by Jessup on May 22. Copies were sent to U. Alexis Johnson, Vance, and McCone.
Document 422: Telegram From the Embassy in Tanganyika to the Department of State
Dar-es-Salaam, June 8, 1964, 7 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 MOZ. Confidential; Limdis. Repeated to Nairobi, Kampala, and Lisbon.
Document 423: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, July 1, 1964.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence John A. McCone, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on July 1.
Document 424: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Harriman) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, July 1, 1964.
Source: Library of Congress, Harriman Papers, Box 17 cl, Rusk, Dean, 1964. Personal & Confidential. Drafted by Harriman.
Document 425: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, August 6, 1964.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency, DCI (McCone) Files: Job 80–B01285A, 303 Committee Meetings, 1964. Secret; Eyes Only. Drafted by McCone on August 8.
Document 426: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tanganyika
Washington, October 28, 1964, 5:17 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL MOZ–TANZAN. Secret; Immediate; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs Jesse M. MacKnight and John P. Meagher of AFE, Curtis Strong of AF/CWG, and Officer in Charge of Angola, Mozambique, Portuguese Guinea, Malagasy Republic, and Mauritius Affairs George B. High on October 27; cleared by Director of the Office of Central African Affairs James L. O’Sullivan, McKillop, Ludwig Hauschner of AID’s Food for Peace Division, Deputy Director of the Office of Refugee and Migration Affairs in the Bureau of Security and Consular Affairs Clement Sobotka, and Thomas W. McElhiney of AF/CWG; and approved by Tasca. Repeated to Lisbon, and by pouch to Leopoldville, Lourenco Marques, and Luanda.
Document 427: Information Memorandum From the Director of the Office of Central African Affairs (O’Sullivan) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, November 2, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 ANG. Secret. Drafted by High. Also sent to Fredericks, Tasca, and Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Samuel Z. Westerfield.
Document 428: Memorandum for the 303 Committee
Washington, November 10, 1964.
Document 429: Letter From the Consul General in Mozambique (Wright) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Lourenco Marques, December 14, 1964.
Source: National Archives and Records Administration, RG 59, Papers of G. Mennen Williams, 1961–1966, Country Files, 1961–1966, Algeria-Zambia, Mozambique. Confidential; Official-Informal.
Document 430: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs (Tyler) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, January 8, 1965.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 60, NSAM File. Secret. The source text indicates that Ball saw this memorandum.
Document 431: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tanganyika
Washington, March 17, 1965, 8:27 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 MOZ. Confidential; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Looram on March 16; cleared by Appling, Fredericks, O’Sullivan, and MacKnight; and approved by Director of the Office of West African Affairs William C. Trimble. Repeated to USUN.
Document 432: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, May 10, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 MOZ. Secret; Noforn. Drafted on April 30 by Joanne Curtis of the Office of Research and Analysis for Africa, Bureau of Intelligence and Research. The source text is an attachment to circular airgram CA-11930 to Lusaka, London, Salisbury, Dar-es-Salaam, Kampala, and Nairobi, May 10.
Document 433: Circular Airgram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, August 23, 1965, 6:37 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL PORT–US. Secret. Drafted by Funseth and Robert H. Edwards of IO/UNP; cleared by George B. High of AFC, Fredericks, Assistant Secretary for International Organization Affairs Joseph J. Sisco, George L. Warren of G/PM, Harry A. Quinn of ARA/BR, AID Deputy Assistant Administrator for Africa Herman Kleine, Thomas Pape of E/ITED, and Col. Smyser, Lloyd, and Colonel Lardner of OASD/ISA; and approved by Leddy. Repeated to Luanda and Lourenco Marques.
Document 434: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Tanganyika
Washington, September 2, 1965, 5:21 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 ANG. Confidential; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Looram and Officer in Charge of Angola, Mozambique, and Portuguese Guinea Affairs Lambert Heyniger; cleared by Deputy Director of the Office of Central African Affairs William E. Schaufele, Director of the Office of Central African Affairs L. Dean Brown, and Funseth; and approved by Deputy Director for Eastern African Affairs Edward W. Mulcahy. Repeated to Leopoldville, Lusaka, and Lisbon.
Document 435: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, October 25, 1965, 8:02 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Sisco and Officer in Charge of UN Political Affairs Patricia Byrne; cleared by Fredericks, Assistant Legal Adviser for United Nations Affairs Stephen M. Schwebel, and Deputy Assistant Secretary for European Affairs Walter J. Stoessel; and approved by Sisco. Repeated to Lisbon and to The Hague for the Embassy, Leddy, and Ambassador Anderson.
Document 436: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, November 3, 1965, 2:33 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Byrne on November 2; cleared by Director of the Office of UN Political Affairs Elizabeth Ann Brown, Officer in Charge of French-Iberian Affairs Edgar J. Beigel, EUR Regional Planning and United Nations Adviser Edward T. Lampson, Williams, Sisco, and Schwebel; and approved by Ball. Repeated to Lisbon and London.
Document 437: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, November 20, 1965, 4:16 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Confidential. Drafted by John E. Reinertson of IO/UNP, cleared by Brown of IO/UNP, and approved by Sisco. Repeated to Lisbon, London, and Salisbury.
Document 438: Information Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (Popper) to Acting Secretary of State Ball
Washington, November 23, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 10 PORT/UN. Unclassified. Drafted by Reinertson. A notation on the source text indicates that Ball saw the memorandum.
Document 439: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Zambia
Washington, July 27, 1966, 6:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ANG–ZAMBIA. Confidential. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Southern Rhodesia Affairs Michael P. Hoyt and Heyniger; cleared by Warren, Steve Koumanelis of G/PM–G/MC, Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs Thomas W. McElhiney, Dean of IO/UNP, Lardner of DOD/ISA, Funseth, Robert H. Human of L/AF, and Thomas Judd of EUR/BMI; and approved by Trimble. Also sent to Lisbon. Repeated to London, Luanda, Lourenco Marques, Blantyre, Dar-es-Salaam, Addis Ababa, CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, and USUN.
Document 440: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, November 25, 1966, 9:02 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 32–1 ANG–ZAMBIA. Confidential. Drafted by Funseth on October 31; cleared by McElhiney, Brown of UNP, Wyle of DOD/ISA, EUR Country Director for Spain and Portugal George W. Landau, Warren, and Koumanelis; and approved by Stoessel. Repeated to Blantyre, London, Lourenco Marques, Luanda, Lusaka, USUN, CINCSTRIKE/CINCMEAFSA, and CINCEUR.
Document 441: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, November 29, 1966, 8:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 PORT/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Funseth; cleared by Lampson, Deputy Director of the Office of U.N. Political Affairs William H. Gleysteen, Heyniger, and Landau; and approved by Stoessel. Repeated to USUN, Luanda, and Lourenco Marques.
Document 442: Country Summary Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, March 6, 1967.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, Africa General, 1967–1968. Secret; Eyes Only. Drafted by Halvor O. Ekern of INR/DDC. The source text is an attachment to Document 223.
Document 443: Country Summary Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, March 8, 1967.
Document 444: Telegram From the Embassy in the Congo to the Department of State
Leopoldville, April 28, 1967, 1523Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 ANG. Secret; Limdis; Noforn.
Document 445: Letter From the Country Director for Central Africa, Malagasy Republic, and Mauritius (Brown) to the Ambassador to the Congo (McBride)
Washington, June 1, 1967.
Source: Department of State, AF/AFCM Files: Lot 70 D 65, Official-Informal Letters, 1967. Secret; Official-Informal. Drafted by Brown on May 26, and cleared by Landau, McElhiney, and Palmer.
Document 446: Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Trueheart) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Kohler)
Washington, July 5, 1967.
Document 447: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, October 6, 1967.
Document 448: Airgram From the Embassy in the Congo to the Department of State
Kinshasa, October 26, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, PORT 30–2 ANG. Confidential. Drafted by Embassy Political Officer William J. Boudreau on October 25, and approved by Chief of the Political Section Herman J. Cohen. Repeated to Lisbon, Luanda, Lubumbashi, Lusaka, Paris, and USUN.
Document 449: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, October 27, 1967.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, 303 Committee Files, 303 C. 62, November 10, 1967. Secret; Eyes Only. Prepared by Jessup on October 30. Copies were sent to Kohler, Nitze, and Helms.
Document 450: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, November 22, 1967, 2250Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 30–2 ANG. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Roy T. Havercamp of AFCM; cleared by AFI Labor Adviser Alvin M. Rucker, Hadsel, Edward W. Holmes of AFSE, and Funseth; and approved by Country Director for Congo (Kinshasa), Congo (Brazzaville), Rwanda, Burundi, Malagasy Republic, and Mauritius Affairs John A. McKesson. Repeated to Kinshasa, Luanda, and Lubumbashi.
Document 451: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, February 8, 1968, 0140Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 AFRICA–US. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Arthur T. Tienken of AFCM on February 7; cleared by Colonel Kennedy in DOD/ISA, Landau, INR Deputy Director for Coordination William C. Trueheart, Officer in Charge of Angola, Mozambique, and Portuguese Guinea Affairs Ernest B. Dane, Peter Sebastian of AFNW, Country Director for Guinea, The Gambia, Mali, Mauritania, and Senegal Affairs Bayard King; and approved by Palmer. Repeated to Kinshasa, Conakry, and Dakar.
Document 452: Memorandum From William McAfee of the Office of the Deputy Director for Coordination, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Quimby)
Washington, July 16, 1968.
Source: Department of State, INR/IL Historical Files, Country Files, Mozambique, April 1967–1968. Secret; Eyes Only. Attached to the source text is a CIA proposal for [text not declassified]; not printed.
Document 453: Research Memorandum From the Director of Bureau of Intelligence and Research (Hughes) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, August 9, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 23–9 MOZ. Secret; No Foreign Dissem; Controlled Dissem.
Document 454: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, October 8, 1968, 0007Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–PORT. Secret. Drafted by S.G. Gebelt of EUR/SPP on October 4; cleared by Deputy Assistant Secretary for European Affairs George S. Springsteen, Landau, Eric Rehfeld of EUR/RPM, Gorman of DOD, Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Thomas H.E. Quimby, Holmes, Licht of Commerce, IO/UNP Officer in Charge of Dependent Area Affairs Donald McHenry, Seymour S. Goodman of E/EWT, and John M. Bowie of G/PM–MC; and approved by Deputy Assist-ant Secretary for Politico-Military Affairs Philip J. Farley.
Document 455: Briefing Memorandum From the Country Director for Kenya, Tanzania, Seychelles, and Uganda (Feld) to the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Moore)
Washington, October 28, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 19–8 US–PORT. Secret. Drafted by Alan Logan of AF/E. Copies were sent to Holmes, Havercamp, the Embassy in Dar-es-Salaam, and the Embassy in Conakry.
Document 456: Editorial Note
Document 457: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 26, 1964, 10 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Secretary’s Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 65 D 330, October 1964. Confidential. Drafted by Officer in Charge of U.K. Affairs in the Office of British Commonwealth and Northern European Affairs Thomas M. Judd and approved in U and S on November 9. The meeting took place in the Secretary’s conference room.
Document 458: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 20, 1964, 11 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Secretary’s Memoranda of Conversation: Lot 65 D 330, November 1964. Confidential. Drafted by Chalfin on November on November 23, cleared by Mulcahy, and approved in U on November 25.
Document 459: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Zambia
Washington, April 5, 1965, 5:42 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL RHOD–ZAMBIA. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Mulcahy on April 1–2; cleared by MacKnight, Judd, and Fredericks; and approved by Williams. Also sent to Dar-es-Salaam, Kampala, Nairobi, and Salisbury.
Document 460: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, April 29, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 12/63–1/66. Secret. Copies were sent to Gordon Chase and Komer.
Document 461: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia
Washington, May 6, 1965, 6:36 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 RHOD. Secret; Priority. Drafted by William C. Kinsey of AFE, cleared by Judd, and approved by Williams. Repeated to London, USUN, and Lusaka.
Document 462: Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, May 10, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret. Drafted by Kinsey, and cleared by Judd and Charles A. Schmitz of L/AF. Copies were sent to Komer, Harriman, L, IO, and EUR.
Document 463: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, May 28, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos, Vol. I. Secret.
Document 464: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, June 14, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Rhodesia. Confidential. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 465: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer and Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, July 12, 1965, 10:15 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 12. Confidential.
Document 466: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, September 13, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I. Secret.
Document 467: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 20, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret. Drafted by Mulcahy on September 21, and approved in S on September 25. The source text is marked “Section II of V.”
Document 468: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, September 29, 1965, 8 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 15. Secret.
Document 469: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia
Washington, September 29, 1965, 8:14 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Kinsey on September 28; cleared by Fredericks, Runyon, and Judd; and approved by Acting Secretary Ball. Also sent to London for Coote, and repeated to Lusaka and USUN.
Document 470: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, September 29, 1965, 8:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Priority; Exdis. Drafted by the Special Assistant to the Under Secretary, George S. Springsteen, Jr.; cleared by Mulcahy; and approved by Ball. Repeated to Salisbury.
Document 471: Telegram From the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia to the Department of State
Salisbury, October 2, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Confidential; Immediate. No time of transmission appears on the source text, but the telegram was received at 9:12 a.m. and repeated to London, Lusaka, Dar-es-Salaam, and USUN. Passed to the White House at 9:50 a.m.
Document 472: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, October 2, 1965, 1:24 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret. Drafted by Terrell Arnold of the Economic Bureau’s Temperate Products Division; cleared by USDA Foreign Agricultural Service Administrator Raymond Ioanes, Director of the Economic Bureau’s Office of International Commodities George R. Jacobs, Chief of the Economic Bureau’s Temperate Products Division Fred H. Sanderson, Springsteen, Mulcahy, and Judd; and approved by Trimble. Repeated to Salisbury, Lusaka, Dar-es-Salaam, and USUN.
Document 473: Telegram From the Department of State to Secretary of State Rusk in New York
Washington, October 2, 1965, 4:41 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by MacKnight; cleared by Joseph F. Starkey of EUR/BNA, Springsteen, John J. deMartino of S/S, and Haynes (in substance); and approved by Fredericks. Repeated to London, Dar-es-Salaam, Lusaka, and Salisbury.
Document 474: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, October 4, 1965, 7:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 15. Secret.
Document 475: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) and Acting Secretary of State Ball
Washington, October 5, 1965, 3:15 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, Ball Papers, Britain III, 11/24/64–12/31/65. No classification marking.
Document 476: Telegram From President Johnson to Prime Minister Wilson
Washington, October 5, 1965, 3:17 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 15. Secret; Via Private Wire to London. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 477: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Johnson
Washington, October 6, 1965, 9:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 15. No classification marking.
Document 478: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, October 6, 1965, 11:15 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Kinsey, Springsteen, and Special Assistant to Ball Jacob Myerson; cleared by Fredericks, Leddy, and Komer; and approved by Ball. Repeated to Salisbury and USUN.
Document 479: Telegram From the Embassy in the United Kingdom to the Department of State
London, October 9, 1965, 1115Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Confidential; Immediate. Repeated to USUN and Salisbury. Passed to the White House.
Document 480: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 11, 1965, 10 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, United Kingdom, Vol. VII, Memos and Miscellaneous. Confidential. Drafted by the Director of the Office of British Commonwealth and Northern European Affairs, J. Harold Shullaw, and approved in S, U, and G on October 19. The source text is marked “Part 4 of 6.” The meeting was held in the Secretary’s office.
Document 481: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, October 12, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 15. Secret.
Document 482: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, October 13, 1965.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by the Director of Central Intelligence, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on October 13.
Document 483: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer)
Washington, October 19, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 12/63–1/66. Secret. “To McGB.,” with a question mark, appears in Komer’s handwriting on the source text.
Document 484: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, October 22, 1965, 12:36 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Immediate; Exdis. Drafted by Ball, cleared by Bundy, and approved by Rusk. Repeated to Salisbury and USUN.
Document 485: Message From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Johnson
Washington, October 29, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, United Kingdom, Memos and Miscellaneous, Vol. VII. Secret. This typed message, which was apparently prepared for transmission to the LBJ Ranch, was directed to Special Counsel to the President Jake Jacobsen for delivery to the President.
Document 486: Telegram From the Department of State to the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia
Washington, October 29, 1965, 12:44 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Flash. Drafted by Bundy, cleared by Fredericks and Read, and approved by Ball. Also sent to London and to USUN for Ambassador Goldberg.
Document 487: Telegram From the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia to the Department of State
Salisbury, November 1, 1965, 1200Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Confidential. Repeated to London.
Document 488: Message From Prime Minister Wilson to President Johnson
London, November 1, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, United Kingdom, Memos and Miscellaneous, Vol. VII. Secret.
Document 489: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Posts
Washington, November 9, 1965, 12:48 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret; Priority; Limdis. Drafted by Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs Thomas W. McElhiney on November 8; cleared by Williams, Deputy Director of the Office of Southwest Pacific Affairs Francis T. Underhill, Judd, and Buffum; and approved by Ball. Sent to Accra, Blantyre, Canberra, Dar-es-Salaam, Lagos, London, Lusaka, Nairobi, Ottawa, Pretoria, Salisbury, Wellington, and USUN. Repeated to CINCLANT and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 490: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 10, 1965, 7:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous. Secret. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 491: Telegram From the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia to the Department of State
Salisbury, November 11, 1965, 1220Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Unclassified; Flash. Received at 8:09 a.m. Repeated to London, Dar-es-Salaam, Pretoria, Lusaka, USUN, CINCLANT, and CINCSTRIKE. Passed to the White House, DOD, CIA, and USIA at 9:53 a.m.
Document 492: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, November 11, 1965, 8:05 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by McElhiney, cleared by Judd, and approved by McElhiney. Repeated to Salisbury, CINCLANT, and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 493: Notes of Telephone Conversation
Washington, November 12, 1965, 9:34 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, Transcripts of Telephone Conversations, Alpha Series, Rusk. No classification marking. The source text bears no indication of the drafter.
Document 494: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between Secretary of the Treasury Fowler and the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, November 13, 1965, 11:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, Ball Papers, Britain III, 11/24/64–12/31/65. No classification marking. The source text bears the typed initials “jt.”
Document 495: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) and the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, November 13, 1965, 2 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, Ball Papers, Britain III, 11/24/64–12/31/65. No classification marking. The source bears the typed initials “jt.”
Document 496: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Zambia
Washington, November 13, 1965, 6:31 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Flash. Drafted by McElhiney, cleared by Williams, and approved by McElhiney. Repeated to London.
Document 497: Memorandum From the Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Read) to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, November 18, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 12/63–1/66. Confidential.
Document 498: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, November 27, 1965, 3:52 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 24 RHOD. Confidential. Drafted by Deputy Director of the Office of United Nations Political Affairs Jonathan Dean on November 26; cleared by McElhiney, Director of the Office of United Nations Political Affairs Elizabeth Ann Brown, Peter H. Pfund of L/UNA, Director of the Office on Inter-African Affairs Fred L. Hadsel, and Deputy Director of the Office of British Commonwealth and Northern European Affairs Mortimer D. Goldstein; and approved by Sisco. Repeated to USUN, Salisbury, Lusaka, Pretoria, Lisbon, CINCLANT, and CINCSTRIKE.
Document 499: Telegram From the Consulate General in Southern Rhodesia to the Department of State
Salisbury, November 29, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Immediate; Limdis. No time of transmission is given on the source text but the telegram was received at 11:20 a.m. Repeated to London, Lusaka, and Pretoria. Passed to the White House DOD, CIA, CINCLANT, CINCSTRIKE, and USIA at 11:58 a.m.
Document 500: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, November 29, 1965, 8:40 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Herbert B. Thompson of S/S, cleared by Bromley Smith, and approved by Read.
Document 501: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain African Posts
Washington, December 3, 1965, 6:48 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential; Immediate. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Southern Rhodesian Affairs Michael P. Hoyt; cleared by Kinsey, McElhiney, William D. Rogers of U, Officer in Charge of Ethiopian Affairs Fred J. Galanto, and Goldstein; and approved by Williams. Sent to Nairobi, Kampala, Blantyre, Lusaka, Lagos, Addis Ababa, Dar-es-Salaam, Abidjan, and pouched to Salisbury and London.
Document 502: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 6, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, Rhodesia. Secret.
Document 503: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 8, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 12/63–1/66. Confidential. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 504: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, December 8, 1965, 7:22 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Exdis. Drafted at the White House and approved by John P. Walsh of S/S.
Document 505: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) and the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, December 9, 1965, 12:15 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, Ball Papers, S. Rhodesia, 10/2/65–5/10/66. No classification marking. The source text bears the typed initials “vh.”
Document 506: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, December 9, 1965, 7:39 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential. Drafted by Rogers and Daniel K. Mayers of U; cleared by Goldstein, Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs Anthony M. Solomon, Mary J. Wichser of AID’s Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs, Williams, and Assistant Legal Adviser for Economic Affairs Murray J. Belman; and approved by Ball. Repeated to Lusaka and USUN.
Document 507: Memorandum of Telephone Conversation Between the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Vance) and the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, December 11, 1965, 11:40 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, Ball Papers, S. Rhodesia, 10/2/65–5/10/66. No classification marking. The source text bears the typed initials “jm.”
Document 508: Memorandum of Telephone Conversations Between the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) and the Under Secretary of State (Ball)
Washington, December 13, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, Ball Papers, S. Rhodesia, 10/12/65–11/2/66. No classification marking. The source text bears the typed initials “jt.”
Document 509: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 14, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 17. Confidential. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 510: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 15, 1965, 1 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I. Secret. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 511: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, December 16, 1965.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 70 A 4662, Rhodesia 091. Top Secret. A stamped notation on the source reads: “Sec Def has seen.”
Document 512: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Johnson
Washington, December 16, 1965, 9:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, United Kingdom, PM Wilson Visit, 2/17/65. Secret.
Document 513: Memorandum of Conversations
Washington, December 16–17, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Conference Files: Lot 66 D 347, CF 2567, Visit of Prime Minister Wilson, December 15–19, 1965, Vol. II. Secret; Nodis. Prepared in the Department of State.
Document 514: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, December 20, 1965, 4:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos, Vol. II. Secret. McGeorge Bundy initialed below Komer’s signature.
Document 515: Special Memorandum No. 30–65 Prepared in the Office of National Estimates, Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, December 21, 1965.
Document 516: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Mann) to President Johnson
Washington, December 22, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I. Secret.
Document 517: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Zambia
Washington, December 22, 1965, 11:02 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, FT 11–2 RHOD. Secret; Flash. Drafted by Mann and Mulcahy; cleared by Williams, Solomon, and McElhiney; and approved by Mann. Repeated to Dar-es-Salaam, Leopoldville, London, and Salisbury.
Document 518: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer)
Washington, December 23, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Files, Chrono (Haynes), 3/1/65–6/15/66. Confidential.
Document 519: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Zambia
Washington, December 29, 1965, 8:36 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Priority; Exdis. Drafted by McElhiney and Chalfin on December 23, cleared by Mann and Haynes, and approved by Williams.
Document 520: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 30, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Memos. Confidential. Copies were sent to Komer and Saunders.
Document 521: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 6, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. I. Secret. A copy was sent to Komer.
Document 522: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, January 7, 1966, 4:56 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Priority; Exdis. Drafted, cleared, and approved by Bruce Lancaster of S/S.
Document 523: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, January 7, 1966, 5:11 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Priority; Exdis. Drafted, cleared, and approved by Bruce Lancaster of S/S.
Document 524: Message From President Johnson to Prime Minister Wilson
Washington, January 7, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 18. No classification marking. A covering note from Bundy to the President dated January 8, 11:30 a.m., reads: “Mr. President: Bob Komer has negotiated the attached rather short and straightforward message to Prime Minister Wilson (Tab A) in answer to his message of yesterday on Rhodesia. I think it meets the requirements. You may also want to look at a second message which came in yesterday (Tab B), but which does not require an additional answer. McG.B.” A handwritten notation indicates that the President’s message was sent at 3:30 on January 8, presumably through the “privacy channel” referred to in Document 523.
Document 525: Note From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, January 8, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Name File, Komer Memos. Secret.
Document 526: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, January 11, 1966, 4:58 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Immediate; Nodis. Drafted by John P. Walsh of S/S, and approved by Mann.
Document 527: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, January 13, 1966, 11:45 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 18. Secret. “For Information Only” is handwritten at the top of the source text, which also bears a handwritten “L,” indicating that the President saw the memorandum.
Document 528: Message From Prime Minister Wilson to President Johnson
London, January 14, 1966, 11:20 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 18. Secret. A handwritten “L” on the source text indicates that the President saw the message. The message was sent to the President along with a January 14 memorandum from Komer noting that the key point was probably the agreement with Kaunda that Zambia should not cut its economic links with Rhodesia until at least mid-February; that airlift demands would “go way up” when that happened; and that Wilson was “quietly trying to position himself to use force for the final kill.” (Ibid.)
Document 529: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer)
Washington, February 2, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Haynes Files, Chrono (Haynes), 3/1/65–6/15/66. Confidential.
Document 530: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to President Johnson
Washington, February 17, 1966, 4:10 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 3/66–12/68. Secret.
Document 531: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, April 4, 1966.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 70 D 236, SIG/DOC: 3—4/14/66— Southern Rhodesia: Next Talks With the British. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text which is filed with a covering note of April 4 from Staff Director of the Senior Interdepartmental Group (SIG) Harry H. Schwartz transmitting the paper for consideration at the fifth SIG meeting scheduled for April 5. The meeting was subsequently rescheduled and held on April 12.
Document 532: Record of Agreements and Decisions at the Fifth Meeting of the Senior Interdepartmental Group
Washington, April 12, 1966.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 70 D 263, SIG/RA: #5—May 3, 66—Discussion on France, NATO, and Rhodesia. Secret; Exdis.
Document 533: Memorandum From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, April 18, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 2/66–12/68. Confidential.
Document 534: Message From Prime Minister Wilson to President Johnson
London, April 27, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret; Nodis.
Document 535: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, May 16, 1966, 2 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Secret; Nodis. Drafted by Stoessel, and approved by the White House on May 18. The meeting took place at the White House.
Document 536: Message From Prime Minister Wilson to President Johnson
London, May 20, 1966.
Source: Department of State, S/S Files: Lot 67 D 262, Presidential Correspondence, UK/Wilson to Pres. Secret; Nodis.
Document 537: Letter From President Johnson to Prime Minister Salazar
Washington, June 10, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 5, 5/26/66–6/29/66.
Document 538: Memorandum of Conversation
London, June 10, 1966, 10 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Limited Distribution. Drafted by Spiers and approved in S on June 20. The meeting took place at the Prime Minister’s residence at 10 Downing Street in London. The source text is marked “Part III of III.”
Document 539: Memorandum From Secretary of State Rusk to President Johnson
Washington, undated.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 2/66–12/68. Secret.
Document 540: Memorandum From Halvor O. Ekern of the Operations Staff, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, to the Director of the Office of British Commonwealth and North European Affairs (Shullaw)
Washington, August 24, 1966.
Document 541: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, September 8, 1966, 11:27 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Immediate. Drafted by Dean, cleared by Ball, and approved by Sisco. Repeated to USUN, Salisbury, Capetown, and Lisbon.
Document 542: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, September 24, 1966, 11:45 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Exdis. The text was received from the White House and approved by Read of S/S. Repeated to USUN.
Document 543: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, October 14, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Exdis. Drafted by Goldstein, and approved in S on October 28. The source text is marked “Part 4 of 7.”
Document 544: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, October 18, 1966, 6:59 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Nodis. Drafted at the White House and approved by John P. Walsh of S/S.
Document 545: Telegram From the Department of State to Secretary of State Rusk in Manila
Washington, October 20, 1966, 6:32 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Nodis. Drafted and approved by John P. Walsh of S/S. Repeated to London for the Ambassador. Secretary Rusk was in the Philippines October 21–27 for the Manila summit conference on Vietnam, October 24–25.
Document 546: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, November 16, 1966, 5:30 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret. Drafted by Goldstein, and approved in S on November 21. The source text is marked “Part 1 of 3.” The meeting took place in the Secretary’s office.
Document 547: Telegram From Prime Minister Wilson to President Johnson
Washington, November 29, 1966, 2030Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 RHOD. Top Secret and Strictly Personal; Nodis. The source text does not indicate how the telegram was sent. An attached note from Read to Palmer, Sisco, and Leddy states that, because of the unusual caveat at the beginning of the Prime Minister’s message, it was uncertain if the U.K. negotiators in Washington knew of the information. Read’s note cautioned the recipients not to indicate any knowledge of the message to the British. The text of the message was transmitted to the Embassy in London in telegram 93323, November 29. (Ibid., POL 16 RHOD)
Document 548: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, December 1, 1966, 10 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential. Drafted by Holmes, cleared by Fredericks and Sisco, and approved in U on December 5. The meeting took place in the Secretary’s office.
Document 549: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, December 4, 1966, 2:55 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Immediate; Nodis. Drafted at the White House, and approved by Larry C. Williamson of S/S. Repeated to Pretoria.
Document 550: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, December 4, 1966, 1:58 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Flash; Nodis. Drafted by McElhiney, cleared by Read, and approved by Rusk. Repeated to London and to the White House.
Document 551: Intelligence Memorandum
Washington, December 9, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 2/66–12/68. Secret; No Foreign Dissem/Background Use Only. A note on the source text states that the memorandum was produced solely by the Central Intelligence Agency. It was prepared in the Office of Current Intelligence and coordinated with the Office of Research and Reports and the Office of National Estimates.
Document 552: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (Popper) to the Ambassador at Large (Harriman)
Washington, December 13, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential.
Document 553: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, January 23, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, White House Central Files, Confidential File, CO 250, Rhodesia-Nyasaland, Federation of. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text, but a covering memorandum from Executive Secretary Bromley Smith to the National Security Council refers to it as a State Department paper for consideration at the January 25 NSC meeting.
Document 554: Intelligence Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, undated.
Source: Johnson Library, White House Central Files, Confidential File, CO 250, Rhodesia-Nyasaland, Federation of. Secret; No Foreign Dissem. A copy is filed as an attachment to Document 553.
Document 555: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, January 24, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, Meeting Notes File, Briefing Papers for NSC Meeting January 25, 1967. No classification marking.
Document 556: Summary Notes of the 567th Meeting of the National Security Council
Washington, January 25, 1967, 12:10–12:45 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Meetings, Vol. 4, Tab 49, 1/25/67, Southern Rhodesia. Secret/Sensitive; For the President Only.
Document 557: Memorandum of Conversation
London, February 24, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. Approved in S/S on February 27. The source text is marked “Part III of III.”
Document 558: Country Summary Prepared in the Bureau of Intelligence and Research
Washington, March 6, 1967.
Document 559: Background Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, May 29, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, United Kingdom, Visit of PM Wilson, 6/2/67. Confidential. Drafted by Thomas A. Fain of AFSE; cleared by Leddy and Springsteen, Goldstein, Director of the Office of United Nations Political Affairs Elizabeth Ann Brown, Ruth S. Gold of E, McElhiney, and Trimble.
Document 560: Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Palmer) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Kohler)
Washington, October 25, 1967.
Document 561: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Portugal
Washington, November 10, 1967, 1010Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 24 RHOD. Secret; Noforn; Immediate; Limdis. Drafted by Country Director for Spain and Portugal George W. Landau, cleared by Leddy, and approved by Katzenbach. Repeated to Salisbury, USUN, and London.
Document 562: Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (Sisco) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, March 8, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 24 RHOD. Secret; Nodis.
Document 563: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, May 9, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. II, Cables, 2/66–12/68. Confidential. No drafting information appears on the source text. A May 9 covering memorandum from Read to Rostow reads: “I enclose for your information a report on the UN Security Council’s current consideration of the question of Southern Rhodesia. It supplements my memorandum of April 6 which indicated that the British Government, in an effort to deflect Afro-Asian proposals in the Security Council for the adoption of radical measures to deal with the Rhodesian problem, was trying to develop support for less far-reaching proposals of its own.” A copy of the Department’s earlier Status Report on Southern Rhodesia (dated April 7, not April 6) is ibid., Memos and Miscellaneous, 2/66–12/68.
Document 564: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach) to President Johnson
Washington, May 28, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of Walt W. Rostow, Meetings with the President, May-June 1968. Confidential.
Document 565: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (Sisco) and the Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs (Quimby) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, June 10, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential. Sent through Under Secretary Katzenbach. Drafted by Fain and Thomas J. Carolan of IO/UNP on March 6–7, and cleared by Brown, Goldstein, and Edward W. Holmes of AFSE.
Document 566: Intelligence Memorandum Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, June 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 2/66–12/68. Secret; No Foreign Dissem.
Document 567: Memorandum From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Quimby) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Kohler)
Washington, June 20, 1968.
Document 568: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, October 8, 1968, 1736Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Secret; Nodis. Drafted and approved by Read.
Document 569: Telegram From the Embassy in Zambia to the Department of State
Lusaka, October 19, 1968, 1017Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL RHOD–UK. Secret; Immediate. Repeated to London, Pretoria, Salisbury, and USUN.
Document 570: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Swaziland
Washington, October 25, 1968, 2222Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Country Officer for Southern Rhodesia Robert L. Bruce and AFI Policy Reports Officer F. Virginia Montague; cleared by Holmes and Edward J. Alexander of AF; and approved by Director of the Office of Inter-African Affairs Fred L. Hadsel.
Document 571: Telegram From the Department of State to All African Posts
Washington, November 1, 1968, 2223Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 16 RHOD/UN. Limited Official Use. Drafted by Hadsel, cleared by Deputy Director of the Office of UN Political Affairs William H. Gleysteen and Holmes, and approved by Hadsel.
Document 572: Memorandum From Roger Morris of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, November 15, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Rhodesia, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 2/66–12/68. Secret.
Document 573: Letter From President Johnson to President Kaunda
Washington, November 25, 1968.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL RHOD–UK. No classification marking.
Document 574: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, January 9, 1964, 2:15 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, SOC 14–1 S AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Hall on January 10, and approved in M on January 20.
Document 575: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, January 11, 1964, 3:17 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 S AFR. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Deputy Director for Southern African Affairs Peter Hooper on January 8; cleared by Assistant Legal Adviser for African Affairs Charles Runyon, G/PM Director for Operations Howard Meyers, C. Edward Dillery of SCI, Colonel Hatch of Joint Staff, IO/UNP Officer in Charge of Dependent Area Affairs Richard V. Hennes, Sloan in DOD, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Politico-Military Affairs Jeffrey C. Kitchen, Director of the Office of Eastern and Southern African Affairs Jesse M. MacKnight, and Deputy Under Secretary Johnson; and approved by Williams. Sent to Cape Town and repeated to Pretoria.
Document 576: Letter From the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs (Sloan) to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Johnson)
Washington, January 25, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 S AFR. Secret.
Document 577: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, February 12, 1964, 5 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential; Immediate. Repeated to London and Pretoria and passed to the White House.
Document 578: Memorandum From the Director of the Office of International Scientific Affairs (Rollefson) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, March 9, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, SP 15 S AFR–US. Secret. Drafted by C. Edward Dillery of SCI on March 6. Copies were sent to Kitchen, Rostow in S/P, and Cleveland. A March 9 covering memorandum from Rollefson to Williams states that the attached was a revision of his February 18 memorandum on the same subject. (Ibid.) He noted that NASA had undertaken a further intensive review of its requirements and had been able to modify them. It now appeared possible that the requirement to provide tracking coverage for the monitoring of Project Apollo orbits could be met in part through the use of airborne and shipborne equipment. In addition, negotiations had been completed for the location of a second NASA deep space instrumentation facility in Spain.
Document 579: Briefing Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, March 10, 1964.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 70 D 265, Box 7, NSC Subcommittee Meeting, January 1 through December 31, 1964. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 580: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, March 18, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/63–10/64. No classification marking.
Document 581: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, March 19, 1964, 3 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential; Priority. Repeated to London, USUN, and Pretoria.
Document 582: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, March 20, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OASD/ISA Files: FRC 68 A 306, 470 South Africa. Secret. Prepared by Frank K. Sloan. A stamped notation in the margin reads: “Mr. McNaughton has seen.”
Document 583: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, April 13, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 69 A 7425, Africa 381 (28 Mar 64). Secret.
Document 584: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) to President Johnson
Washington, April 20, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSAMs, NSAM 295, U.S. Policy Toward South Africa. Secret.
Document 585: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, April 22, 1964, 11 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 29 S AFR. Confidential; Priority. Repeated to London, USUN, Pretoria, and Lagos.
Document 586: National Security Action Memorandum No. 295
Washington, April 24, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSAMs, NSAM 295, U.S. Policy Toward South Africa. Secret. An information copy was sent to the Secretary of Commerce. Copies were sent to Bundy, Brubeck, Haynes, Johnson, and NSC Files.
Document 587: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, May 4, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Files of McGeorge Bundy, “B.” Confidential.
Document 588: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, May 20, 1964.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence John A. McCone, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on May 20.
Document 589: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, May 22, 1964.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 69 A 7425, Africa 381. Secret.
Document 590: Memorandum From the Deputy Director for Southern African Affairs (Hooper) to the Deputy Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Hilliker)
Washington, June 5, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 29 S AFR. Limited Official Use. Drafted by Runyon and Hall.
Document 591: Action Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, June 5, 1964.
Document 592: Information Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (Cleveland) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, June 18, 1964.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, SOC 14–1 S AFR/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Director of the Office of UN Affairs William B. Buffum and Hennes.
Document 593: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, July 30, 1964.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSAM Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 295. Secret. Drafted by Hooper; cleared by Fredericks, Dillery, P. Wesley Kriebel of IO/UNP, Officer in Charge of U.K. Affairs Thomas M. Judd, George L. Warren of G/PM, and William R. Duggan of the Policy Planning Council.
Document 594: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, August 17, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/63–10/64. Confidential.
Document 595: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, September 22, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/63–10/64. Secret.
Document 596: Memorandum From William H. Brubeck of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, September 23, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/63–10/64. Secret.
Document 597: Memorandum From Secretary of Defense McNamara to President Johnson
Washington, November 20, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Cables and Memos, Vol. I, 11/63–10/64. Secret.
Document 598: Memorandum for the Record
Washington, November 30, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. I, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/63–10/64. Secret. Prepared by McGeorge Bundy. Copies were sent to Rusk and McNamara.
Document 599: Memorandum From Charles E. Johnson of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, December 23, 1964.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/64–9/66. Secret.
Document 600: National Policy Paper
Washington, January 18, 1965.
Source: Department of State, S/P Files: Lot 72 D 139, South Africa. Secret; Noforn. The preface states that Part One of this paper is a comprehensive, authoritative, and approved statement of U.S. policy toward South Africa, and that all agencies and bureaus with major responsibilities affecting U.S. relations with South Africa participated in drafting it and concurred in the strategy and courses of action it sets forth. Secretary Rusk approved and signed the paper on January 18.
Document 601: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Posts
Washington, March 31, 1965, 4:28 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, SOC 14–1 S AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Officer in Charge of Republic of South Africa Affairs W.B. Campbell on March 25; cleared by AFE Special Assistant for Southern Africa Economic Affairs Peter H. Delaney, Sarich in Commerce, and Hooper; and approved by Williams. Sent to Cape Town, Pretoria, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and Durban, and repeated to all other Africa posts, London, and USUN by pouch.
Document 602: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, April 12, 1965, 3:46 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 7 S AFR–US. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Meyers; cleared by Captain Coward in OPNAV, Williams, and Hooper; and approved by Kitchen. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to Pretoria.
Document 603: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, April 13, 1965, 6:24 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Campbell and Kriebel; cleared by Hooper, Assistant Legal Adviser for United Nations Affairs Stephen M. Schwebel, Sisco, Buffum, MacKnight, Deputy Director of the Office of British Commonwealth and Northern European Affairs Frank D. Taylor, Runyon, Fredericks, and Komer at the White House; and approved by Williams. Sent to Cape Town and London, and repeated to Pretoria, Paris, Rome, USUN, Bonn, Ottawa, Tokyo, The Hague, Copenhagen, Stockholm, and Oslo by pouch.
Document 604: Letter From Secretary of Defense McNamara to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, May 3, 1965.
Source: Department of State, S/P Files: Lot 72 D 139. Secret.
Document 605: Telegram From the Embassy in South Africa to the Department of State
Cape Town, May 5, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 7 S AFR–US. Confidential; Immediate. No time of transmission appears on the source text; the telegram was received at 3:13 p.m. Repeated to Pretoria and Defense.
Document 606: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy) and Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, June 10, 1965, 10 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 11. Secret.
Document 607: Memorandum From Charles E. Johnson and Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to President Johnson
Washington, July 13, 1965, 9:30 a.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, McGeorge Bundy, Vol. 12. Confidential. The source text is attached to a memorandum from Bundy to President Johnson that reads: “Mr. President: I think this memorandum, drafted by two members of my staff, is worth reading. The statement referred to in the last paragraph will not be issued except in response to questioning. For your information, Charles Johnson is a veteran NSC Staff Officer who monitors NASA and AEC. Rick Haynes is a talented young Negro Foreign Service Officer who covers Africa under Bob Komer. It was Johnson’s initiative that led to the contingency planning which had given us a prospect of alternative facilities if we run into a dead-end with the South Africans. McG. B.”
Document 608: Note From Ulric Haynes of the National Security Council Staff to Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff
Washington, July 29, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. II, Cables, 11/64–9/66. Secret.
Document 609: Paper Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, July 31, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSAMs, NSAM 295, U.S. Policy Toward South Africa. Secret. Sent under cover of a July 31 memorandum from Executive Secretary Benjamin Read to McGeorge Bundy at the White House. No drafting information appears on the source text.
Document 610: Memorandum From Robert W. Komer of the National Security Council Staff to the Executive Secretary of the Department of State (Read)
Washington, September 2, 1965.
Source: Department of State, S/S–NSAM Files: Lot 72 D 316, NSAM 295. Secret.
Document 611: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 7, 1965.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 15 S AFR–US. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Hall on September 8 and approved in S on September 21.
Document 612: Memorandum From Gordon Chase of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Bundy)
Washington, September 13, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. II, 11/64–9/66. Secret. Copies were sent to Bator, Cooper, Johnson, Keeny, and Komer of the NSC Staff.
Document 613: Memorandum Prepared in the Department of State
Washington, undated.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSAMs, NSAM 295, U.S. Policy Toward South Africa. Secret. No drafting information appears on the source text. An October 15 covering memorandum from Read to Bundy reads: “In response to Mr. Komer’s memorandum of September 2, 1965, we have prepared the attached supplementary comment concerning the Department’s status report of July 31, 1965, on National Security Action Memorandum No. 295 of April 24, 1964.” See Document 610 for Komer’s questions concerning the report.
Document 614: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, December 7, 1965, 7:28 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, SOC 14 S AFR/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Officer in Charge of U.N. Political Affairs Patricia M. Byrne of IO/UNP; cleared by Director of the Office of United Nations Political Affairs Elizabeth Ann Brown, Williams, EUR Regional Planning and United Nations Adviser Edward T. Lampson, and Legal Adviser Leonard C. Meeker; and approved by Deputy Assistant Secretary of International Organization Affairs David H. Popper. Repeated to London and Pretoria.1
Document 615: Memorandum From the Assistant Administrator for International Affairs, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Frutkin) to the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs (Williams)
Washington, December 14, 1965.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSAMs, NSAM 295, U.S. Policy Toward South Africa. Secret. Copies were sent to McGeorge Bundy, to the Department of State’s Acting Director of International Scientific and Technological Affairs Herman Pollack, and to NASA Administrator James E. Webb
Document 616: Memorandum From the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Webb) to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, January 15, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, South Africa. Secret.
Document 617: Memorandum From the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer) to the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Mann)
Washington, February 21, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 S AFR. Secret.
Document 618: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs (Mann) to the President’s Deputy Special Assistant for National Security Affairs (Komer)
Washington, February 24, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Hamilton Files, South Africa. Confidential.
Document 619: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, June 2, 1966.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Deputy Director of Central Intelligence Richard M. Helms, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on June 2.
Document 620: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, June 22, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Memos to the President, Walt W. Rostow, Vol. 7, 5/26–6/29/66. Confidential.
Document 621: Summary Notes of the 561st Meeting of the National Security Council
Washington, July 14, 1966, 12:10 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, NSC Meetings, Vol. 3, Tab 43, Southwest Africa, 7/14/66. Top Secret/Sensitive; For the President Only.
Document 622: Memorandum Prepared by the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, July 14, 1966.
Source: Department of State, S/S-NSC Files: Lot 72 D 318, July 14, 1966. Confidential. Filed with a covering memorandum to the Secretaries of State, Treasury, and Defense, the AID Administrator, USIA Director, and Director of Central Intelligence.
Document 623: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State (Ball) to President Johnson
Washington, July 23, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/64–9/66. Secret.
Document 624: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, August 17, 1966, 8:14 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Buffum, cleared by Palmer and Meeker, and approved by Buffum. Sent to Cape Town, also sent to Pretoria and USUN, and repeated to London and by pouch to Monrovia and Addis Ababa.
Document 625: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, September 6, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. II, Memos and Miscellaneous, 11/64–9/66. No classification marking. Attached is a note from Rostow to the President that reads: “Mr. President: The attached memorandum is self-explanatory. I believe the risks of our silence are greater than the risks of our candor; but I did not wish to clear this without your guidance.” Prime Minister Verwoerd was stabbed to death in the South African Parliament on September 6.
Document 626: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, September 21, 1966, 8:29 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Ralph W. Stephan of AF/AFS and Runyon, cleared by Campbell and Popper, and approved by Palmer. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to Pretoria, London, and USUN.
Document 627: Intelligence Report Prepared in the Central Intelligence Agency
Washington, November 1, 1966.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 24 S AFR. Secret; No Foreign Dissem. Sent under cover of a November l memorandum from the CIA’s Director for Research and Reports William N. Morell, Jr. to Assistant Secretary Palmer.
Document 628: Memorandum From Edward Hamilton of the National Security Council Staff to the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow)
Washington, November 14, 1966.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. III, 10/66–9/68. Confidential.
Document 629: Special National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, December 1, 1996.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the cover sheet, the estimate was submitted by Director of Central Intelligence Richard M. Helms, and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on December 1.
Document 630: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, January 4, 1967, 8:26 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central File, DEF 7 S AFR–US. Confidential; Limdis. Drafted by Donald R. Morris and Frank A. Sieverts of U and approved by Katzenbach. Sent to Pretoria, and repeated to Cape Town.
Document 631: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, February 3, 1967, 11:51 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 7 S AFR–US. Confidential; Flash. Drafted by Country Director for South Africa G. Edward Clark; cleared by Deputy Assist-ant Secretary for African Affairs William C. Trimble and Captain Coward of G/PM; and approved by Katzenbach. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to Pretoria.
Document 632: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, February 12, 1967, 8:09 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 7 S AFR–US. Confidential; Immediate; Exdis. Drafted by Clark; cleared by Palmer, Morris, and Coward; and approved by A. Hugh Douglas of S/S–O. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to Pretoria and Durban, and to DOD.
Document 633: Memorandum by the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Vance)
Washington, February 21, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 72 A 2468, 092 South Africa. Secret. A copy was sent to the Under Secretary of State and the Director of the National Security Agency.
Document 634: Memorandum From the Secretary of the Navy (Nitze) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Vance)
Washington, March 4, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 71 A 4546, 680.1 South Africa. Secret.
Document 635: Memorandum From the Joint Chiefs of Staff to Secretary of Defense McNamara
Washington, April 5, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 71 A 4546, 680.1 South Africa. Secret.
Document 636: Circular Telegram From the Department of State to Certain Posts
Washington, April 15, 1967, 1:39 a.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Popper on April 13; cleared by Deputy Legal Adviser Carl F. Salans, Deputy Director of the Office of United Nations Political Affairs William H. Gleysteen, Palmer, and Clark; and approved by Sisco. Sent to USUN, Ottawa, Rome, Tokyo, and London, and repeated to all African posts.
Document 637: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, April 28, 1967, 8:47 p.m.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by IO/UNP Officer in Charge of Dependent Area Affairs Donald McHenry; cleared by Brown of UNP and Clark; and approved by Sisco. Also sent to Cape Town, and repeated to Pretoria, London, Rome, and Ottawa.
Document 638: National Intelligence Estimate
Washington, May 4, 1967.
Source: Central Intelligence Agency: Job 79–R01012A, ODDI Registry of NIE and SNIE Files. Secret; Controlled Dissem. According to a note on the source text, the estimate was submitted by Deputy Director of Central Intelligence Rufus Taylor and concurred in by the U.S. Intelligence Board on May 4.
Document 639: Briefing Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs (Sisco) to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Rostow)
Washington, May 11, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential. Drafted by Elizabeth Ann Brown.
Document 640: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, June 21, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12 S AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Coward on July 11.
Document 641: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, July 10, 1967.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, General, Vol. V, 6/66–1/69. Limited Official Use.
Document 642: Letter From Secretary of State Rusk to Foreign Minister Muller
Washington, August 26, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL S AFR–US. Confidential. Drafted by Clark and cleared by Coward, Gleysteen, Charles H. Gustafson of L/AF, Byron B. Morton of SCI, and Palmer.
Document 643: Editorial Note
Document 644: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, September 21, 1967, 6:30 p.m.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Lesotho (Basutoland), Vol. I, 8/66–5/68. No classification marking.
Document 645: Memorandum of Conversation
Washington, September 30, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 7 S AFR. Confidential; Limdis. Drafted by Peter F. Krogh of S/S on October 6, and approved in S on October 16. The meeting took place in Secretary Rusk’s office. The source text is marked “Part 6 of 8 parts.” The other parts are ibid.
Document 646: Memorandum of Conversation
Lusaka, October 4, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 13 AFR. Limited Official Use. Drafted by Second Secretary of Embassy Frank Crump on October 11. The source text is an enclosure to airgram A–138 from Lusaka, repeated to Dar-es-Salaam and Pretoria.
Document 647: Letter From the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Nitze) to the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach)
Washington, October 19, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 71 A 4546, South Africa, 333—452.1, 1967. Secret.
Document 648: Letter From the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach) to the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Nitze)
Washington, November 15, 1967.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 71 A 4546, South Africa, 333—452.1, 1967. Secret.
Document 649: Letter From Senator Robert F. Kennedy to Secretary of State Rusk
Washington, November 15, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 29 SW AFR. No classification marking. Sent to Under Secretary Katzenbach with a covering memorandum from Kennedy to Katzenbach that reads: “Dear Nick: I understand you know something about this. I hope you can get the State Department to do something. Best, Bob.”
Document 650: Telegram From the Department of State to the Mission to the United Nations
Washington, November 28, 1967, 0113Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR/UN. Confidential; Limdis. Drafted by McHenry and Martin Jacobs of IO/UNP; cleared by Clark, Runyon, Gley-steen, and Philip B. Heymann of U (info only); and approved by Popper. Repeated to Pretoria.
Document 651: Memorandum From the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (Rostow) to the Under Secretary of State (Katzenbach)
Washington, December 20, 1967.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 S AFR. Secret.
Document 652: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in the United Kingdom
Washington, January 17, 1968, 1852Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, DEF 12–5 S AFR. Confidential; Limdis. Drafted by McHenry and Jacobs on December 5, 1967; cleared by Irving Cheslaw of EUR/ BMI, Deputy Legal Adviser Murray J. Belman, Seymour S. Goodman of E, Burns of Commerce, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Politico-Military Affairs Philip J. Farley, Rush W. Taylor of EUR/AIS, Gleysteen, and Clark; and approved by Katzenbach. Also sent to Pretoria and Rome, and repeated to Johannesburg, Ottawa, Paris, and USUN.
Document 653: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, February 10, 1968, 2230Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 29 SW AFR. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Clark; cleared by Palmer, Donald F. Herr of U, and Runyon; and approved by Clark. Sent to Cape Town and Pretoria, and repeated to London, Ottawa, and USUN.
Document 654: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, March 9, 1968, 2112Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 1 S AFR–US. Secret. Drafted by Palmer and Clark; cleared by Van Dyke in the Vice President’s Office, Runyon, and Jacobs; and approved by Palmer. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to USUN and Johannesburg.
Document 655: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, March 28, 1968, 2336Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 29 SW AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Runyon; cleared by Clark, Assistant Legal Adviser for United Nations Affairs Herbert K. Reis, Brown of UNP, and Francis J. Seider of U; and approved by Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Thomas H.E. Quimby. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to London, Pretoria, Johannesburg, and USUN.
Document 656: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in South Africa
Washington, April 11, 1968, 2009Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 29 SW AFR. Confidential. Drafted by Campbell on April 9; cleared by Clark, Gleysteen, Runyon, and Palmer; and approved by Thomas O. Enders of M. Sent to Cape Town, and repeated to USUN, Pretoria, Durban, Johannesburg, and Port Elizabeth.
Document 657: Telegram From the Department of State to the Embassy in Greece
Washington, April 17, 1968, 0012Z.
Source: Department of State, Central Files, POL 19 SW AFR. Confidential; Priority. Drafted by Campbell and Runyon on April 16; cleared by Clark, Richard W. Bogosian of NEA, Brown of UNP, Edward W. Holmes of AFSE, ARA Country Director for Brazil Jack B. Kubisch, Joseph Godson in EUR, and John T. Dreyfuss of ARA; and approved by Palmer. Sent also to Blantyre, Bonn, Buenos Aires, Brussels, Canberra, The Hague, Helsinki, London, Madrid, Ottawa, Paris, Rio de Janeiro, Rome, Stockholm, Tel Aviv, and Vienna. Repeated to Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria, Johannesburg, Port Elizabeth, and USUN.
Document 658: Memorandum From the President’s Special Assistant (Rostow) to President Johnson
Washington, April 19, 1968.
Source: Johnson Library, National Security File, Country File, Africa, Union of South, Vol. III, Memos and Miscellaneous, 10/66–9/68. Confidential.
Document 659: Memorandum of Meeting
Washington, May 23, 1968.
Source: Washington National Records Center, RG 330, OSD Files: FRC 73 A 1250, South Africa 463. Secret; Exdis. Prepared by the Special Assistant and Staff Director of the Senior Interdepartmental Group in the Office of the Under Secretary, Arthur A. Hartman.