United States policy regarding political developments in the Central American and Caribbean areas1

1. For previous documentation, see Foreign Relations, 1952–1954, vol. iv, pp. 365 ff.


172. Despatch From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–355. Secret.


173. Memorandum of a Conversation, Department of State, Washington, January 7, 1955

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–755. Confidential. Drafted by Ohmans.


175. Telegram From the Ambassador in Venezuela (Warren) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 713.00/1–955. Limited Official Use; Priority. Repeated to San José and Managua.


176. Memorandum of a Telephone Conversation Between the Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) and the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward), January 11, 1955

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1155. Confidential. Drafted by Mabel Karydakis, Holland’s personal secretary. Initialed by Holland.


177. Memorandum of a Telephone Conversation Between the Assistant Secretary for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) and the Costa Rican Ambassador (Facio), Washington, January 11, 1955

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1155. Confidential. Drafted by Karydakis.


179. Letter From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of Defense (Wilson)

Source: Department of State, Holland Files: Lot 57 D 295, Costa Rica. Confidential.


180. Telegram From the Secretary of State to the Embassy in Nicaragua

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1255. Secret; Priority. Drafted by Holland and Dulles.


181. Memorandum From the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) to the Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1355. Official Use Only. Drafted by John L. Ohmans of the Office of Middle American Affairs.


182. Memorandum of Discussion at the 231st Meeting of the National Security Council, Washington, January 13, 1955

Source: Eisenhower Library, Whitman File, NSC Records. Top Secret. Prepared by Gleason on January 14.


183. Telegram From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.5622/1–1555. Confidential; Niact.


184. Memorandum of a Telephone Conversation Between the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) and the Ambassador to COAS (Dreier), January 15, 1955

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1555. Confidential. Prepared by Karydakis.


185. Telegram From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1555. Secret; Niact.


187. Telegram From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–2055. Official Use Only. Repeated to Managua.


188. Telegram From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–2455. Top Secret; Priority. Repeated to Managua.


189. Telegram From the Secretary of State to the Embassy in Costa Rica

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–1655. Top Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Holland. Repeated to Managua.


190. Telegram From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–2855. Top Secret; Niact.


191. Telegram From the Acting Secretary of State to the Embassy in Costa Rica

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/1–3155. Secret; Limit Distribution. Drafted by Dreier and Jamison and approved by Holland.


192. Telegram From the Ambassador in Costa Rica (Woodward) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/2–455. Secret; Priority; Limited Distribution.


193. Telegram From the Secretary of State to the Embassy in Cuba

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/2–955. Secret. Drafted by Dreier. Repeated to Managua and San José. Holland was in Cuba accompanying Vice President Nixon on a tour of Central America and the Caribbean. The 11 countries visited between February 6 and March 5 were Cuba, Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti. Pertinent documentation on this subject is ibid., 033.1100–NI for 1955. For a report by Nixon on this trip, see Document 195.


194. Memorandum of a Conversation Between the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland) and President Castillo Armas, Guatemala City, February 14, 1955

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 611.14/2–1655. Top Secret. Drafted by Holland. Transmitted to the Department of State under cover of despatch 688 from Guatemala City, February 16. This despatch, drafted for the Ambassador by John C. Hill, Jr., Second Secretary of the Embassy, states that Holland was in Guatemala with Vice President Nixon.


195. Memorandum of Discussion at the 240th Meeting of the National Security Council, Washington, March 10, 1955

Source: Eisenhower Library, Whitman File, NSC Records. Top Secret. Drafted by Gleason on March 11.


197. Memorandum From Robert S. Folsom of the Office of Regional American Affairs to the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Holland)

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 718.00/9–255. Confidential. Concurred in by Newbegin and Neal.


198. Memorandum From the Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (King) to the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Lyon)

Source: Department of State, ARA Special Assistant’s File: Lot 57 D 696, Central America. Secret.


199. Despatch From the Ambassador in Guatemala (Sparks) to the Department of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 713.00/4–2556. Secret.


201. Memorandum From the Acting Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs (Rubottom) to the Acting Secretary of State

Source: Department of State, Central Files, 713.00/12–1256. Secret.